AI Article Synopsis
- The study explores the role of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into neural cells, noting that past research primarily focused on protein-coding genes and some microRNAs.
- To characterize the ncRNA transcriptome, researchers created three cDNA libraries from pluripotent ES cells, neural progenitors, and differentiated neural cells, using high-throughput sequencing to identify several novel miRNAs and small nucleolar RNAs involved in the process.
- Around half of the ncRNA sequences found were classified as intergenic or intragenic, with many displaying a size similar to miRNAs but lacking some typical features; these findings suggest that these ncRNAs may play significant roles in neural differentiation
Article Abstract
Protein-coding genes, guiding differentiation of ES cells into neural cells, have extensively been studied in the past. However, for the class of ncRNAs only the involvement of some specific microRNAs (miRNAs) has been described. Thus, to characterize the entire small non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcriptome, involved in the differentiation of mouse ES cells into neural cells, we have generated three specialized ribonucleo-protein particle (RNP)-derived cDNA libraries, i.e. from pluripotent ES cells, neural progenitors and differentiated neural cells, respectively. By high-throughput sequencing and transcriptional profiling we identified several novel miRNAs to be involved in ES cell differentiation, as well as seven small nucleolar RNAs. In addition, expression of 7SL, 7SK and vault-2 RNAs was significantly up-regulated during ES cell differentiation. About half of ncRNA sequences from the three cDNA libraries mapped to intergenic or intragenic regions, designated as interRNAs and intraRNAs, respectively. Thereby, novel ncRNA candidates exhibited a predominant size of 18-30 nt, thus resembling miRNA species, but, with few exceptions, lacking canonical miRNA features. Additionally, these novel intraRNAs and interRNAs were not only found to be differentially expressed in stem-cell derivatives, but also in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons and astrocytes, strengthening their potential function in neural ES cell differentiation.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3401476 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks311 | DOI Listing |
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