The levels of selected heavy metals in popular cigarette brands sold and/or produced in Saudi Arabia were determined by graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Average concentrations of Cadmium and Lead in different cigarette brands were 1.81 and 2.46 μg g⁻¹ (dry weight), respectively. The results obtained in this study estimate the average quantity of Cd inhaled from smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes to be in the range of 0.22-0.78 μg. Results suggest that the quantity of Pb inhaled of smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes is estimated to be 0.97-2.64 μg. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in cigarettes were significantly different between cigarette brands tested. The results of the present study were compared with those of other regional and international studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/729430 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Research Center of Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cigarette filter microplastics are composed of cellulose acetate that does not undergo biological or photo-degradation. These microplastics are readily dispersed and can be found abundantly in water, soil, and air. These fibers possess high absorption capabilities, allowing them to collect and retain pollutants such as toxic elements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers
January 2025
Juul Labs, Inc., Washington DC.
Introduction: Adults who switch from smoking cigarettes to use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may reduce their exposure to harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs). This study assessed changes in exposure to HPHCs, assessed via biomarkers of exposure (BOEs), among adults who switched to a new ENDS product.
Methods: Adults who smoke cigarettes (N = 89) were randomized to: (1) switch completely to using JUUL2 Virginia Tobacco (N = 24) or Polar Menthol (N = 24); (2) continue smoking usual brand (UB) cigarettes (N = 21); or (3) abstain from all tobacco/nicotine products (N = 20) for six days.
Ther Innov Regul Sci
December 2024
Department of Regulatory and Quality Sciences, USC Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Background: Youth nicotine addiction is a major public health concern in the United States. Disposable Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), or disposable vapes, are commonly sought out by youth despite not having received premarket authorization from the FDA. The objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to underage consumption of disposable ENDS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Drug Policy
December 2024
Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil.
Background: Illicit cigarette consumption (ICC) results in cheaper cigarettes and lost tax revenue. Although several methods estimate the ICC proportion, the one based on cigarette butt (CB), the most littered item worldwide, is less common. This study aimed at estimating the ICC proportion of Guarujá, a major Brazilian city, based on littered CBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEast Mediterr Health J
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Pakistan.
Background: Tobacco consumption poses a significant challenge to global health and contributes to the increase in noncommunicable diseases and premature deaths.
Aim: To investigate the potential impact of a 70% tobacco tax on consumption and government revenue in Pakistan.
Methods: We analysed secondary data from 2011 to 2022 (after imposition of a 70% excise tax) from the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Pakistan Social and Living Standard Survey, financial yearbooks and Federal Board of Revenue reports for tobacco consumption and government revenue.
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