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Sex differences in psychiatric comorbidities of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children, adolescents, and adults: A nationwide population-based cohort study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
This cross-sectional, nationwide, population-based study aimed to elucidate sex differences in psychiatric comorbidities of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) across children, adolescents, and adults. We analyzed data from Taiwan's comprehensive healthcare database, including 112,225 individuals diagnosed with ADHD, categorized by age (0-12, 13-18, ≥18 years) and sex. Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using ICD-9-CM codes, focusing on age and sex-specific prevalence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[DiGeorge syndrome with 22q11.2 deletion in a patient of Rarámuri ethnicity].
Rev Alerg Mex
December 2024
Departamento de Inmunología, Hospital Infantil de Especialidades de Chihuahua; Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua.
Background: 22q11 deletion syndrome consists of a variable grouping of phenotypic features and immunological defects secondary to the loss of genetic material located in the 22q11.2 band. The 22q11 deletion spectrum encompasses different syndromes related to the same etiology and with overlapping anomalies, including DiGeorge syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome, among others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan.
Background: Recent single-cell omics analyses have revealed that microglia change into reactive microglia when Aβ accumulates in the brain and exhibit Aβ phagocytosis. However, reactive microglia are less likely to be induced in TREM2 mutation carriers. This microglia-centred pathological mechanism may be considered one of the pathologies of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Toledo/College of Pharmacy, Toledo, OH, USA.
Background: Primary cilia are solitary membrane-bound organelles emanating from the apical surface of most mammalian cells. They serve as sensory organelles sampling the extracellular environment and reprogramming the transcriptional machinery in response to changes in fluid flow. Ciliopathies, a group of genetic disorders characterized by disrupted cilia structure and/or function, share common phenotypes such as vascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: Consortium-wide studies of volumetric brain imaging measures with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have revealed numerous disease-risk SNPs and emphasized the significance of brain imaging phenotypes as preclinical markers (endophenotypes) for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the bulk of these risk variants are in genomic regions that govern multiple genes, posing major challenges in fine-mapping strategies. Evolutionarily conserved transposable elements are master regulators of gene expression, and by studying these endogenous gene regulatory units in relation to AD endophenotypes, we aimed to better identify the disease-causal gene.
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