Post-mortem neuropathological examination still remains an important tool not only to confirm the clinical diagnosis of the neurodegenerative dementia but also for research purposes. Cerebrovascular lesions are more and more suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer dementia (AD). In particular the occurrence of small cerebral bleeds becomes a main topic of interest. Post-mortem brain examination, using standard quantification techniques, allows to determine its bleeding load. In AD amyloid angiopathy is not the only cause of small bleeds, while in other neurodegenerative dementias the bleeding load is low and mainly related to associated disturbances of the blood-brain barrier.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2012.03.012 | DOI Listing |
J Chin Med Assoc
January 2025
Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common hereditary cerebral small vessel disease caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene. This review highlights the increasing recognition of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) as a significant manifestation of CADASIL, often predominantly characterized by ischemic strokes and vascular dementia. Recent studies indicate that the prevalence of ICH in CADASIL patients ranges from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prev Alzheimers Dis
January 2025
CenExel iResearch, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: Soluble species of multimeric amyloid-beta including globular amyloid-beta oligomers (AβOs) and linear amyloid-beta protofibrils are toxic to neurons. Sabirnetug (ACU193) is a humanized monoclonal antibody, raised against globular species of soluble AβO, that has over 650-fold greater binding affinity for AβOs over monomers and appears to have relatively little binding to amyloid plaque.
Objectives: To assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and exploratory measures including target engagement, biomarker effects, and clinical efficacy of sabirnetug in participants with early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD; defined as mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia due to AD).
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Background: Severe respiratory distress and acute kidney injury (AKI) are key factors leading to poor outcomes in patients with dengue shock syndrome (DSS). There is still limited data on how much resuscitated fluid and the specific ratios of intravenous fluid types contribute to the development of severe respiratory distress necessitating mechanical ventilation (MV) and AKI in children with DSS.
Methodology/principal Findings: This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Vietnam between 2013 and 2022.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
December 2024
Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil; Service of Oral Pathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Pará, Brazil. Electronic address:
Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive clinicopathological analysis of oral Kaposi sarcoma (KS) cases and examine its relationship with HIV-related immunosuppression.
Study Design: Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients microscopically diagnosed with oral KS were retrieved from three oral and maxillofacial pathology files. Data including clinical, laboratory, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings and treatment employed were retrieved.
Food Chem Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address:
Favipiravir, a broad-spectrum RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic, effectively reduces viral load but has been linked to inflammatory changes in tissues such as the liver and kidneys. High-dose and prolonged use of favipiravir for COVID-19 raises concerns about its potential toxic effects on the lungs, particularly in patients with pre-existing pulmonary conditions. This study investigated favipiravir's effects on lung tissue in healthy rats.
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