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Antimicrobial consumption and resistance in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil: a 7-year time series.
J Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health challenge globally. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial consumption (ATBc), and the incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), focusing on pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. (ESKAPE group), in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic-mediated dysbiosis leads to activation of inflammatory pathways.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Introduction: The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in influencing host health, through the production of metabolites and other key signalling molecules. While the impact of specific metabolites or taxa on host cells is well-documented, the broader impact of a disrupted microbiota on immune homeostasis is less understood, which is particularly important in the context of the increasing overuse of antibiotics.
Methods: Female C57BL/6 mice were gavaged twice daily for four weeks with Vancomycin, Polymyxin B, or PBS (control).
An Overview of Microorganisms Immobilized in a Gel Structure for the Production of Precursors, Antibiotics, and Valuable Products.
Gels
October 2024
JSC "Scientific Center of Anti-Infective Drugs", Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan.
Using free microorganisms for industrial processes has some limitations, such as the extensive consumption of substrates for growth, significant sensitivity to the microenvironment, and the necessity of separation from the product and, therefore, the cyclic process. It is widely acknowledged that confining or immobilizing cells in a matrix or support structure enhances enzyme stability, facilitates recycling, enhances rheological resilience, lowers bioprocess costs, and serves as a fundamental prerequisite for large-scale applications. This report summarizes the various cell immobilization methods, including several synthetic (polyvinylalcohol, polyethylenimine, polyacrylates, and Eudragit) and natural (gelatin, chitosan, alginate, cellulose, agar-agar, carboxymethylcellulose, and other polysaccharides) polymeric materials in the form of thin films, hydrogels, and cryogels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCost-effectiveness analysis of polymyxin B versus colistin for treating patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of two last-resort antibiotics, polymyxin B and colistin, for treating CRGNB infections in ICU patients from a Chinese healthcare perspective.
- A Markov model was employed to analyze costs, health impacts, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) over a 5-year period, revealing that colistin is more expensive but offers a slightly higher quality of life benefit compared to polymyxin B.
- Sensitivity analyses showed that cure probability with polymyxin B significantly influenced cost-effectiveness, with colistin being the optimal choice in 38.2% to 62.8% of scenarios under different willingness-to-pay thresholds.
Relationship between antimicrobial use and the highest number of multidrug-resistant-Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a 10-year study.
J Infect Dev Ctries
August 2024
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Uberlândia-Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Introduction: Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a dangerous pathogen causing nosocomial infection, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Brazil. This retrospective study at a Brazilian university hospital examined the relationship between antimicrobial use and MDR-P. aeruginosa.
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