Doctor-patient communication, knowledge, and question prompt lists in reducing preoperative anxiety: a randomized control study.

Objective: The aims of the study were to assess factors responsible for the reduction of preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing breast and abdominal surgeries. In particular, we investigated whether question prompt lists (QPL), patients' knowledge, or the communication skills of surgeons had effects on anxiety reduction.

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to QPL and control groups. Anxiety was assessed on the State Trait Anxiety Inventory.

Results: Both groups showed significant reduction in anxiety between initial consultation and one day prior to surgery, with QPL patients showing a trend towards a greater reduction of anxiety after surgery and a significant reduction at the first outpatient follow-up. Satisfaction with consultation and the doctor's ability to answer questions concerning diagnosis, and treatment were significantly associated with anxiety reduction.

Conclusion: Effective anxiety reduction hinged on doctors' communication abilities and patients' satisfaction with the consultation.