To clarify the influence of moisture on the structural changes of heated nano materials, in situ high temperature transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been carried out using a conventional analytical TEM combined with a gas injection-specimen heating holder. Air with high moisture content, above 94% relative humidity (RH), from a humidifier was directly injected onto the heated platinum catalyst dispersed on carbon black (Pt/CB), and the morphological changes of the specimens were observed at high magnification dynamically. The result of the experiment was compared with a result obtained from an experiment using air with a low moisture content, 34% RH. Active movement of the Pt particles, leading agglomeration and grain growth, occurred prior to degradation of the CB support at high moisture content. In contrast, the degradation of the CB support leading agglomeration and grain growth of the Pt particles occurred before the displacement of the Pt particles on the CB supports in a low humidity environment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfs041 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, 51040, Punjab, Pakistan.
Microplastics (MPs) form when plastic debris is released into the aquatic environment, where they decompose and have deleterious effects on aquatic life. This study aimed to examine the harmful impacts of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on the growth, carcass composition, hematology, digestibility, histopathology, and mineral analysis of Catla catla (11.09 ± 0.
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January 2025
Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China.
Soil salinization becomes serious under climate change and human activities. Although the residue decomposition contributes lots to soil carbon storage and fertility, the decomposition process and microbial mechanisms on saline-alkali soils are still vague facing climate change. We measured the mass loss of residue (0, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days), CO emission (every two days), and the microbial community structure (0, 4, 15 and 90 days) by using the litter bag method, gas chromatography and high-throughput sequencing technology during the residue decomposition (90 days) in a saline-alkali soil from the Tarim River Basin, China under various temperatures (15 °C, 25 °C, 35 °C) and soil moisture levels (20%, 40%, 60% water holding capacity).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoil moisture is a key parameter for the exchange of substance and energy at the land-air interface, timely and accurate acquisition of soil moisture is of great significance for drought monitoring, water resource management, and crop yield estimation. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is sensitive to soil moisture, but the effects of vegetation on SAR signals poses challenges for soil moisture retrieval in areas covered with vegetation. In this study, based on Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 optical remote sensing data, a coupling approach was employed to retrieval surface soil moisture over dense vegetated areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Res Food Sci
December 2024
Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
This study detected the macronutrients retained in glutinous rice (GR) under different drying conditions by innovatively applying visible-near infrared hyperspectral imaging coupled with different spectra preprocessing and effective wavelength selection techniques (EWs). Subsequently, predictive models were developed based on processed spectra for the detection of the macronutrients, which include protein content (PC), moisture content (MC), fat content (FC), and ash content (AC). The result shows the raw spectra-based model had a prediction accuracy ( ) of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
Packaging films based on natural biopolymers often suffer from inadequate barrier and mechanical properties. To address these challenges, multilayer films have emerged as potential solutions. In this study, we prepared bilayer films using bitter vetch seed protein (BVSP) and polylactic acid (PLA).
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