Single-dose plasma pharmacokinetics of theophylline (6 mg/kg intravenously) and renal excretion of theophylline and its metabolites, resulting from 8-oxidation and N-demethylation, were investigated in eight healthy volunteers before and at day 3 of concomitant oral administration of the quinolone derivative lomefloxacin (400 mg twice daily). Plasma samples were collected until 24.5 h, and urine samples were collected until 72 h after theophylline administration. The concentrations of theophylline and the major metabolites, resulting from N-demethylation and 8-oxidation, were measured utilizing a high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. No significant changes in theophylline half-life, volume of distribution, protein binding, total body clearance, or renal clearance were noted. In addition, renal excretion of unchanged theophylline, the products of the N-demethylation, 3-methylxanthine, and 1-methyluric acid, and the product of the 8-oxidation, 1,3-dimethyluric acid, were not altered by simultaneous administration of lomefloxacin. Orally administered lomefloxacin is absorbed quickly and to a high extent. During administration of 400 mg twice daily, plasma concentrations reached are well above minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of pathogens that are frequently isolated in lower respiratory tract infections. This study shows that lomefloxacin in a twice daily dose of 400 mg does not effect theophylline metabolism. Lomefloxacin and theophylline can be coadministered without concern about effects of lomefloxacin on theophylline pharmacokinetics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.98.6.1440 | DOI Listing |
Yakugaku Zasshi
February 2012
Department of Pharmacology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Many antibiotics have been developed and used for the treatment of infectious diseases. Although they have been known to have various adverse effects, most of the mechanisms remain still unknown. New quinolones are well known to induce convulsions and their convulsant activity enhanced by concurrent administration of anti-inflammatory drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chemother
December 2001
UO Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, Siena, Italy.
Lomefloxacin is a difluorinated quinolone with excellent activity against a wide range of pathogens including those responsible for acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). This open, cross-sectional, multicenter study has evaluated the efficacy and safety of a once-daily dosage of 400 mg lomefloxacin in patients with AECB chronically treated with theophylline. 137 patients (96 males, 41 females; mean age 66.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
May 1996
Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
Fluoroquinolone derivatives interact with methylxanthines (theophylline, caffeine) and metallic ion-containing drugs to different degrees. The rat appears to be a suitable model for predicting such interactions in man. It has been possible to determine the relationship between the chemical structure of the fluoroquinolone and the magnitude of the interaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
August 1993
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
During the past decade, there has been a resurgence of interest in the development of oral macrolide and fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents. Azithromycin and clarithromycin are two new oral macrolides whose pharmacokinetics (compared with those of erythromycin) are characterized by improved oral bioavailability, increased tissue penetration and persistence, and longer elimination half-lives. A limited number of interactions with other drugs have been reported for azithromycin and clarithromycin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacotherapy
May 1993
Antiinfective Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence.
Antimicrobials of the fluoroquinolone class are involved in a number of clinically important drug-drug interactions. Many of these interactions occur with all the available agents and exhibit little interpatient variability. In contrast, others occur only with specific fluoroquinolones and their extent varies markedly among subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!