AI Article Synopsis
- The study examined how different light conditions (UV and visible light) affect the production of flavonoids, particularly proanthocyanidins (PAs) and flavonols, in young berry skins of Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon.
- Shading the plants from flowering until 49 days later decreased PA and flavonol concentrations, with a more significant impact on flavonols and associated gene expression.
- The results suggest that visible light primarily drives PA biosynthesis and influences its composition, while UV light specifically stimulates flavonol production, indicating distinct regulatory roles of light in flavonoid biosynthesis.
Article Abstract
Biosynthesis of phenolic compounds is known to be sensitive to light environments, which reflects the possible role of these compounds for photoprotection in plants. Herein, the effects of UV and visible light on biosynthesis of flavonoids was investigated, i.e., proanthocyanidins (PAs) and flavonols, in young berry skins of a red-wine grape, Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. Shading with light-proof boxes from the flowering stage until 49 days after treatment (DAT) partially decreased PA concentrations, and completely decreased flavonol concentrations in the berry skins. Shading decreased the transcript abundance of a flavonol-related gene more remarkably than those of PA-related genes. In addition, light exclusion influenced the composition of PAs, such as the decrease in the proportion of trihydroxylated subunits and the mean degree of polymerization (mDP) within PAs. However, solar UV exclusion did not affect the concentration and composition of PAs, whereas this exclusion remarkably decreased the flavonol concentration. Consistently, UV exclusion did not influence the transcript levels of PA-related genes, whereas it dramatically decreased that of flavonol-related genes. These findings indicated a different light regulation of the biosynthesis of these flavonoids in young berry skins of wine grape. Visible light primarily induces biosynthesis of PAs and affects their composition, whereas UV light specifically induces biosynthesis of flavonols. Distinct roles of members of a MYB transcription factor family for light regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis were proposed.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.026 | DOI Listing |
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