Studies by electromagnetic flowmetry in acute experiments on cats under conditions of the open thoracic cage and artificial ventilation of the lungs showed that 64% of venous return via the vena cava posterior was realized at the expense of the splanchnic and 36% due to the musculocutaneous vessels (abdominal basin of the caudal vein). Epinephrine (20 μg/kg) increased the contribution of the splanchnic venous blood flow to the increase in the blood flow in the vena cava posterior and reduced the contribution of the musculocutaneous veins throughout the entire duration of systemic reactions: 84% of the blood flow increase in the vena cava posterior was due to the splanchnic and just 16% due to the musculocutaneous blood flow. Norepinephrine (10 μg/kg) resulted in a phase-wise involvement of the studied compartments in blood flow increase in the vena cava posterior. During the initial period of systemic reactions (coinciding with the maximum systemic BP rise) the contribution of the musculocutaneous compartment was 13% higher, while later (by the time of the maximum elevation of venous blood flow in the studied compartments) the contribution of splanchnic veins predominated constituting 89% of venous blood flow in the vena cava posterior. These results indicate that venous blood flow increase in the splanchnic vessels largely determined the formation of changes in the vena cava posterior blood flow in response to catecholamines.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10517-011-1337-5 | DOI Listing |
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
January 2025
Clinical Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Stem cell-based therapies have raised considerable interest to develop regenerative treatment for neurological disorders with high disability. In this review, we focus on recent preclinical and clinical evidence of stem cell therapy in the treatment of degenerative neurological diseases and discuss different cell types, delivery routes and biodistribution of stem cell therapy. In addition, recent advances of mechanistic insights of stem cell therapy, including functional replacement by exogenous cells, immunomodulation and paracrine effects of stem cell therapies are also demonstrated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab
January 2025
Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Variations in cerebral blood flow and blood volume interact with intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, all of which play a crucial role in brain homeostasis. A key physiological modulator is respiration, but its impact on cerebral blood flow and volume has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we used 4D flow MRI in a population-based sample of 65 participants (mean age = 75 ± 1) to quantify these effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
School of Computer Science & Engineering (SCOPE), VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Background: Heart muscle damage from myocardial infarction (MI) is brought on by insufficient blood flow. The leading cause of death for middle-aged and older people worldwide is myocardial infarction (MI), which is difficult to diagnose because it has no symptoms. Clinicians must evaluate electrocardiography (ECG) signals to diagnose MI, which is difficult and prone to observer bias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Regionally anticoagulated continuous renal replacement therapy with citrate is the first choice for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. If citrate that reaches the patient exceeds the metabolic capacity, metabolic alkalosis will follow. Bicarbonate from the treatment fluids will also reach the patient and add to the bicarbonate load.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sports Sci
January 2025
Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise (PHASE) Research Group, School of Allied Health (Exercise Science), Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
This study examined internal, external training loads, internal:external ratios, and aerobic adaptations for acute and short-term chronic repeated-sprint training (RST) with blood flow restriction (BFR). Using randomised crossover (Experiment A) and between-subject (Experiment B) designs, 15 and 24 semi-professional Australian footballers completed two and nine RST sessions, respectively. Sessions comprised three sets of 5-7 × 5-second sprints and 25 seconds recovery, with continuous BFR (45% arterial occlusion pressure) or without (Non-BFR).
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