The HIF1A C85T single nucleotide polymorphism influences the number of branches of the human coronary tree.

Objectives: Hypoxia is required for the development of the cardiovascular system. Tissue adaptation to low oxygen is mediated through hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Hypoxia-driven gradients of vascular endothelial growth factor within the heart drive vessel tip sprouting and the angiogenic phase of vasculogenesis. We hypothesized that functional variants of the HIF1A C85T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) are associated with the number of coronary artery branches in humans.

Methods: Coronary artery branching in 88 individuals was assessed by dynamic counting of the arterial branches detected in coronary angiograms. Values were classified on the basis of the branches emerging from the right and left coronary arteries. HIF1A C85T genotypes were determined using TaqMan-based assays. A generalized linear model was used to measure the effect of each SNP on the response variables.

Results: The presence of the T allele in the HIF1A C85T SNP was associated with few branches of the coronary arteries: 81.03 ± 1.79 for individuals with the CC genotype versus 74.09 ± 2.48 for T-carrying ones (p = 0.042).

Conclusions: The functionality of HIF1A may influence the degree of branching of the human coronary tree. We propose that the HIF1A C85T SNP is a genetic marker that determines interindividual differences in the human coronary artery pattern.