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A plea for more careful scholarship in reviewing evidence: the case of mammographic screening.
BJR Open
September 2023
American Cancer Society, Atlanta GA, USA.
Objectives: To identify issues of principle and practice giving rise to misunderstandings in reviewing evidence, to illustrate these by reference to the Nordic Cochrane Review (NCR) and its interpretation of two trials of mammographic screening, and to draw lessons for future reviewing of published results.
Methods: A narrative review of the publications of the Nordic Cochrane Review of mammographic screening (NCR), the Swedish Two-County Trial (S2C) and the Canadian National Breast Screening Study 1 and 2 (CNBSS-1 and CNBSS-2).
Results: The NCR concluded that the S2C was unreliable, despite the review's complaints being shown to be mistaken, by direct reference to the original primary publications of the S2C.
Validity of clinical psoriatic arthritis diagnoses made by rheumatologists in the Swedish National Patient Register.
Scand J Rheumatol
July 2023
Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Objectives: : Knowledge of the correspondence between clinical ICD diagnoses and classification criteria fulfilment is crucial to interpret studies identifying cases via ICD codes. We assessed the degree to which patients registered with ICD-10 diagnoses of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) fulfil established PsA classification criteria.
Method: Four hundred patients with at least one outpatient visit to one of five rheumatology or internal medicine departments (three university/two county departments across Sweden) in 2013-2015, with a main ICD-10 diagnosis of PsA (L40.
Evaluating the effectiveness of population-based breast cancer service screening: an analysis of parsimonious patient survival information with the time-varying Cox model.
Int J Epidemiol
December 2022
School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Article Synopsis
- This study estimates the effectiveness of population-based breast cancer screening using survival data rather than individual screening data, aiming for a more unbiased evaluation.
- A unique time-dependent switched design was implemented to compare screen-detected versus clinically detected cases, utilizing data from a Swedish trial and a Taiwanese screening program.
- The results showed a relative effectiveness of 33% for the Swedish program and 42% for Taiwan, leading to estimates of 446 and 806 women needing to be screened to prevent one death from breast cancer in each dataset, respectively.
Nursing staff's experiences of intensive care unit diaries: a qualitative study.
Nurs Crit Care
November 2019
Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Background: Diaries as an intervention to aid psychological recovery among intensive care patients have been used for about 20 years, and findings tend to be positive. The provision of a diary directed at the patient may clarify the story of the intensive care unit (ICU) even for the family members and the family members of non-survivors. Members of nursing staff are the primary authors, but how they themselves experience the use of ICU diaries has been minimally explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Mammography Screening on Mortality by Histological Grade.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
February 2018
Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
It has been asserted that mammography screening preferentially benefits those with less aggressive cancers, with lesser or no impact on more rapidly progressing and therefore more life-threatening tumors. We utilized data from the Swedish Two-County Trial, which randomized 77,080 women ages 40 to 74 to invitation to screening and 55,985 for usual care. We tabulated cancers by histologic grade and then compared mortality from cancers specific to histologic grade between the invited and control group using Poisson regression, with specific interest in the effect on mortality from grade 3 cancers.
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