Endoscopic drainage was applied in 14 patients with either external or internal (bile ascites) postoperative biliary fistulas. Endoscopic sphincterotomy and/or insertion of a nasobiliary tube or an endoprosthesis was found to be a safe and effective treatment, achieving closure of fistula in all patients.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1012850DOI Listing

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