AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates and healthcare costs by implementing a VAP prevention bundle in ICU patients at Hera General Hospital in Saudi Arabia.
- The compliance with the VAP prevention measures increased significantly from 30% to 100% over the year, leading to a dramatic decrease in the VAP incidence rate from 2.5 to 0.54 per 1000 ventilator days, and an overall cost savings of $154,930.
- A strong correlation was found between the adherence to the prevention bundle and the reduction in VAP rates, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most common pathogen identified.
Article Abstract
Objective: To reduce ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence rate, lessen the cost of care, and correlate VAP bundles compliance with VAP incidence rate.
Methods: This study was a prospective longitudinal study conducted on adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients at Hera General Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from January to December 2010. The following Institute for Healthcare Improvement VAP prevention bundle was applied: head-of-bed elevation; daily sedation-vacation along with a readiness-to-wean assessment; peptic ulcer disease (PUD) prophylaxis; and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis.
Results: Among a total of 2747 patients, the bundle compliance rate in January 2010 was 30%, and reached to 100% in December 2010, while the overall rate was 78.9%. The individual bundle compliance rates were as follows: head-of-bed elevation - 99.9%; daily sedation vacation - 88.9%; PUD prophylaxis - 94.9%; and DVT prophylaxis - 85.7%. At the beginning, VAP rate was 2.5/1000 ventilator days, and reduced to 0.54 in the next month. The overall VAP incidence rate in 2010 was found to be 1.98 with a reduction of 1.41 by comparing with the same data of year 2009 collected retrospectively. The total reduction cost in one year was $154,930. A significant correlation was found between the VAP rate and its bundle compliance (p=0.001). Most frequent pathogens found were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30.8% of all isolates) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (27.7%), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (15.4%).
Conclusion: Application of VAP prevention bundle reduced the VAP incidence rate and lowered the cost of care.
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