The correction factors for volume sources may be approximated using average efficiencies determined by experiment or by Monte Carlo methods in the same way as for point sources. This simple technique does not take into account properly the absorption of photons in the source, nor the change of the effective solid angle. A more precise method must take into account for the spatial distribution of products of efficiencies η(peak)*η(total) (for summing-out) or η(peak)*η(peak) (for summing-in) over the volume of the source. The differences between the approximate and the more precise method are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.02.073 | DOI Listing |
Med Sci Sports Exerc
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, ITALY.
Purpose: Cigarette smoking (CS) induces systemic changes that impair cardiorespiratory and muscular function both at rest and during exercise. Although these abnormalities are reported in sedentary, middle-aged smokers (SM) with pulmonary disease, few and controversial studies focused on young, physically active SM at the early stage of smoking history. This study aimed at assessing the impact CS on cardiorespiratory and metabolic response during an incremental test and the subsequent recovery in young, physically active SM without known lung or cardiovascular disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Sci Sports Exerc
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, CHINA.
Purpose: Findings from previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies disagreed with the current scientific consensus regarding the role of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in ischemic stroke (IS). We reassessed these associations with a focus on etiological subtypes of IS and the potential mediating roles of cardiometabolic traits and brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs).
Methods: We performed MR analyses using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of sedentary behavior and PA (n = 88,411~608,595), cardiometabolic traits (n = 393,193~694,649), brain IDPs (n = 33,224) and the latest IS data (62,100 cases and 1,234,808 controls).
Med Sci Sports Exerc
November 2024
Human Movement Biomechanics research group, Department of Movement Science, KU Leuven, BELGIUM.
Purpose: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is associated with altered tendon's morphological and mechanical properties, yet it is unclear whether these properties are reversed upon mechanical loading to promote tendon healing. This study aims to determine the extent to which pathological tendon's morphological and mechanical properties adapt throughout a 12-week eccentric rehabilitation protocol.
Methods: Forty participants with midportion AT were recruited and participated in a 12-week eccentric rehabilitation program.
Interact J Med Res
January 2025
University of California, San Francisco, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, US.
Physicians could improve the efficiency of the healthcare system if a reliable resource were available to aid them in better understanding, selecting, and interpreting the diagnostic laboratory tests. It has been well established and widely recognized that (a) laboratory testing provides 70-85% of the objective data that physicians use in diagnosis and treatment of their patients, (b) orders for laboratory tests in the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, OX11 0FA, UK.
Methanol adsorption isotherms of fresh f-ZSM-5 and steamed s-ZSM-5 (Si/Al ≈ 40) are investigated experimentally at room temperature under equilibrium and by grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations with the aim of understanding the adsorption capacity, geometry and sites as a function of steam treatment (at 573 K for 24 h). Methanol adsorption energies calculated by GCMC are complemented by density functional theory (DFT) employing both periodic and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) techniques. Physical and textural properties of f-ZSM-5 and s-ZSM-5 are characterised by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformed spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and N-physisorption, which form a basis to construct models for f-ZSM-5 and s-ZSM-5 to simulate methanol adsorption isotherms by GCMC.
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