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Evaluation of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine for routine immunization in Nepali infants. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a significant health concern for Nepali children, prompting researchers to assess the effectiveness of Hib conjugate vaccines (HibCV) before they are included in the vaccination schedule.
  • In a study, 90 infants received HibCV alongside routine immunizations, and their antibody levels were monitored at various intervals to evaluate the vaccine's immunogenicity.
  • Results showed that while most infants had strong antibody responses after vaccination, some experienced waning immunity by one year, yet nearly all responded positively to a booster dose, indicating the vaccine's overall effectiveness in providing protection.

Article Abstract

Background: Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) carriage and disease studies in Nepali children suggest a significant burden of infection. Hib conjugate vaccines (HibCV) do not have uniform immunogenicity between populations. We determined the immunogenicity of HibCV in Nepali infants, before its introduction into the routine immunization schedule.

Methods: Ninety infants recruited at Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, received 3 doses of the HibCV with routine immunizations (diphtheria, tetanus, whole cell pertussis-hepatitis B vaccine + oral polio vaccine) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age, and a HibCV booster at 52 weeks. Anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) concentrations were measured at 18, 52 and 56 weeks, and the antibody persistence at 52 weeks was compared with antibody values in unimmunized controls (n = 30).

Results: After 3 doses of primary immunizations, at 18 weeks of age (n = 74), all infants had anti-PRP concentrations above the accepted thresholds for short- and long-term protection (0.15 and 1.0 µg/mL, respectively). At 1 year of age, before administration of the booster of HibCV, the anti-PRP geometric mean antibody concentration was 2.76 µg/mL (confidence interval: 1.88-4.07) in sera from the immunized children compared with 0.11 µg/mL (95% confidence interval: 0.08-0.17) in the nonimmunized control group (n = 30). Twenty-seven percent (20/74) of participants, however, had anti-PRP concentrations <1.0 µg/mL. Four weeks after the booster dose of HibCV, 98.5% of infants had anti-PRP concentrations above 1.0 µg/mL.

Conclusion: Immunization with HibCV given as part of the Expanded Program on Immunization schedule in Nepal elicits robust antibody responses. Though the antibody wanes during the first year of life, most 1-year-old infants remain protected and respond robustly to a booster dose of the vaccine.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e31824a9c37DOI Listing

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