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Acinetobacter species are aerobic, glucose non-fermenting gram-negative rods, and ubiquitous in the environment. Acinetobacter spp. can survive for months on dry surfaces. Acinetobacter spp. have been grown from skin, pharynx, sputum, urine and feces. The most common Acinetobacter infection is pneumonia. According to Japan Nosocomial Infection Surveillance, 0.34% of the Acinetobacter spp. was multidrug-resistant in 2010. In Japan, Acinetobacter spp. whose imipenem MICs were > or = 16 microg/mL, amikacin > or = 32 microg/mL, and ciprofloxacin > or = 4 microg/mL were defined as multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter species (MDRA) in 2011 in the amended Infectious Diseases Control Law. Break-point Checkerboard Plate can help to infer an effective combination antimicrobial therapy. A selective medium for the isolation of MDRA is a great tool for active surveillance cultures. Treatment options for MDRA infections in Japan are very limited, because colistin, polymyxin B, or tigecycline is not approved. Keys to control MDRA are high levels of compliance with standard and contact precautions, appropriate cleaning and disinfection of the environment, and judicious antimicrobial use.
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BMC Infect Dis
March 2025
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality in paediatric burn patients from low- and middle-income countries; with common pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa frequently being multidrug resistant (MDR). Due to the growing prevalence of MDR BSIs, antimicrobial stewardship needs to be improved with perhaps more targeted initial antimicrobial use. The study describes the aetiology, and timing of burn-associated BSIs and MDR infections in paediatric burn patients admitted to two paediatric surgery units in Tshwane District, South Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
March 2025
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Importance: Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem in the US. Estimating national rates of antimicrobial-resistant infections commonly associated with health care can aid in targeted public health efforts.
Objective: To determine the national incidence rates of 6 pathogens over time: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp (VRE), extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp (excluding Klebsiella aerogenes) (ESCR-EK), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp (CRAsp), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Adv Ther
March 2025
PingAn-Shionogi Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
Introduction: We aim to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of cefiderocol in Chinese participants, following single and subsequent multiple administrations of 2 g q8h with 3-h intravenous infusion, and to predict its efficacy for the treatment of Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infection based on PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) analysis.
Methods: This was an open-label, single-center, single- and multiple-dose phase I study, conducted from September 2022 to October 2022, with 12 eligible healthy Chinese adults (6 men and 6 women). The PK profiles were described by noncompartmental analysis and a two-compartment model using WinNonlin (v.
Open Forum Infect Dis
December 2024
Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Background: Epidemiological evidence about the etiology and antimicrobial resistance of neonatal infections remains limited in low-resource settings. We aimed to describe the etiology of neonatal infections in a prospective observational cohort study conducted at two hospital sites in Kampala, Uganda.
Methods: Babies admitted to either unit with risk factors or signs of sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis had a blood culture, nasopharyngeal swab, and lumbar puncture (if indicated) collected.
Sci Rep
March 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, P.C. 201310, Greater Noida, U.P, India.
Over time, antimicrobial agents are losing their credibility in curbing infections due to the development of resistant pathogen strains. The resistant strains have proven to invade living beings and cause various diseases, leading to deaths at an alarming rate. Acinetobacter baumannii is one such pathogen, and to target it through enzyme inhibition, Dihydropteroate synthase enzyme's active site is virtually screened for antimicrobial agents against in-house libraries of natural molecules from medicinally important plants and Agaricus spp.
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