Biased motion of motile cells in a concentration gradient of a chemoattractant is frequently studied on the population level. This approach has been particularly employed in human sperm chemotactic assays, where the fraction of responsive cells is low and detection of biased motion depends on subtle differences. In these assays, statistical measures such as population odds ratios of swimming directions can be employed to infer chemotactic performance. Here, we report on an improved method to assess statistical significance of experimentally determined odds ratios and discuss the strong impact of data correlations that arise from the directional persistence of sperm swimming.
Background And Objective: Dysfunction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is a common long-term complication following surgical repair in patients with congenital heart disease. Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (TPVI) offers a viable alternative to surgical pulmonary valve replacement (SPVR) for treating pulmonary regurgitation but not all RVOT anatomies are suitable for TPVI. To identify a suitable landing zone (LZ) for TPVI, three-dimensional multiphase (4D) computed tomography (CT) is used to evaluate the size, shape, and dynamic behavior of the RVOT throughout the cardiac cycle.
A differential microelectromechanical system (MEMS) quartz resonant accelerometer with a novel oscillating readout circuit is proposed. The phase noise in a piezoelectric quartz resonant accelerometer has been systematically investigated. A high-performance front-end is used to extract the motional charge from a piezoelectric quartz resonator for the first time.
Background: Specific foot exercises and the use of minimalist shoes during running or daily life were suggested to strengthen the intrinsic foot muscles and to modify locomotion biomechanics. We aimed to review the effectiveness of these interventions to modify foot muscle sizes, foot strength, and biomechanical outcomes.
Method: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and SportDiscus databases were searched (last update: 12 March 2024).
Background And Objective: Left ventricular myocardium segmentation is of great significance for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. However, myocardium segmentation is challenging as the medical image quality is disturbed by various factors such as motion, artifacts, and noise. Its accuracy largely depends on the accurate identification of edges and structures.
During locomotion, the visual system can factor out the motion component caused by observer locomotion from the complex target flow vector to obtain the world-relative target motion. This process, which has been termed flow parsing, is known to be incomplete, but viewing with both eyes could potentially aid in this task. Binocular disparity and binocular summation could both improve performance when viewing with both eyes.
