Background/aim: Interleukin-21(IL-21) stimulates cytotoxicity and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in natural killer (NK) cells. However, little has been reported on the stimulatory effect of IL-21 on ex vivo expanded NK cells. In this study, we examined the cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production of ex vivo expanded, IL-21-stimulated NK cells against trastuzumab-coated breast cancer cells.
Materials And Methods: To expand NK cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and co-cultured with irradiated K562-mb15-41BBL cells in the presence of IL-2 and IL-15 for 3 weeks. After a 4-day stimulation with IL-21, NK cell cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production were measured.
Results: NK cells were expanded up to median of 911-fold and represented approximately 94.93% of expanded cells after 21 days. Cytotoxicity of the expanded NK cells against the MCF-7, SKBR3, and T47D cell lines was significantly increased following 4-day stimulation with IL-21. However, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mediated by trastruzumab was significantly increased only in the SKBR3 cell line, which highly expresses the HER2/neu antigen. IL-21 pre-treatment also increased IFN-γ production in the expanded NK cells in response to the trastuzumab-coated breast cancer cells.
Conclusion: IL-21 significantly enhances the cytolytic activity and IFN-γ production of ex vivo expanded NK cells in response to trastuzumab-coated breast cancer cells.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|
Int J Integr Care
December 2024
Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Background: Social prescribing link workers support patients to connect with community resources to improve their health and well-being. These roles are prominent in policy, but there is limited evidence on what support is provided by link workers and what factors influence implementation of link worker interventions.
Methods: A convergent, mixed methods process evaluation of an exploratory randomised trial of a one-month general practice-based link worker intervention targeting adults with multimorbidity in deprived areas.
Open Life Sci
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, No. 69, Jialing Village, Beibei District, Chognqing, 400700, China.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor characterized by a high degree of invasiveness, and since zinc-α2 glycoprotein (ZAG) has been implicated in the progression of several malignancies, this study was designed to investigate the role of ZAG in CRC. Its expression was assessed using the GEPIA database, and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference was conducted to create ZAG knockdown in CRC cell lines. We also conducted lipid synthesis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) experiments to elucidate the effects of ZAG expression on CRC, as well as explored the potential underlying mechanistic pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytotechnology
February 2025
Laboratory LR11ES45, Research Group"Biotechnology and Pathology", National School of Engineers of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
The clinical evidence, complications and the pathogenesis of COVID-19 are not clearly understood. In COVID-19 patients, cellular immune response biomarkers and oxidative stress parameters have been used as gravity markers. Indeed, oxidative stress has been proposed to play an essential role in the genesis of COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Anesthesiology, Unidade Local de Saúde de São José, Lisbon, PRT.
Perioperative and critical care management following penetrating thoracic trauma represents a complex challenge. Those who survive the early trauma approach and reach the hospital alive often remain in critical condition, with cardiocirculatory complications and major pulmonary injuries. Additional difficulty arises from the presence of a weapon , particularly in a dorsal location, which limits patient positioning, and the safe manipulation of both the weapon and the patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, JPN.
When encountering severe hypoxemia that does not respond to oxygen supplementation, it is essential to consider underlying right-to-left shunting. Among various diagnostic approaches, the microbubble test via transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a simple, noninvasive method for detecting pulmonary arteriovenous shunts, particularly in hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). Although microbubbles are usually administered peripherally, using a Swan-Ganz (SG) catheter to inject microbubbles directly into the pulmonary artery may provide even more definitive diagnostic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!