This year we marked two important jubilees in the management of diabetes mellitus: one is the discovery of insulin 90 years ago and the other one is the introduction of the Glycemic Index, 60 years later, both originated at the University of Toronto, Canada. Both discoveries can help to improve diabetes tremendously and thus have contributed to the advancement of management of this troubling disease the incidence of which continues to climb at a staggering rate.
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Introduction: CarboxypeptidaseE (CPE) is an enzyme involved in the neuropepetides/hormones processing. Its deficiency is associated with endocrinopathies comparable to those caused by proprotein convertase1/3(PC1/3) deficiency. In this case report we expand the clinical features of CPE deficiency by examining the index case's clinical/laboratory results, which are also indicative of PC1/3 deficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical studies of blood-borne Extracellular vesicles in psychiatry: A systematic review.
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Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department for Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Biomarkers for the diagnosis and clinical management of psychiatric disorders are currently lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by cells, hold promise as a source of biomarkers due to their ability to carry molecules that reflect the status of their donor cells and their ubiquitous presence in biofluids. This review examines the literature on EVs in biofluids from psychiatric disorder patients, and discuss how the published studies contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions and to the discovery of potential biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic potential of stem cell-derived somatic cells to treat metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and diabetes.
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Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Developments in basic stem cell biology have paved the way for technology translation in human medicine. An exciting prospective use of stem cells is the ex vivo generation of hepatic and pancreatic endocrine cells for biomedical applications. This includes creating novel models 'in a dish' and developing therapeutic strategies for complex diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenolic and Iridoid Glycosides from L. and Their Effects on the α, δ, and γ Subtypes of the PPAR System-Including the Discovery of the Novel Phenylethanoid Cardiaphenyloside A and the Most Active 7-Chloro-6-desoxy-harpagide.
Molecules
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Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
L. is known in Europe for its cardioactivity-also in interrelation with known risk factors of the metabolic syndrome-just as Houtt. in East Asia; however, up to now, no active constituents could be identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConstruction of a Library of Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids.
Molecules
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Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece.
Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) have emerged as extraordinary bioactive lipids, exhibiting diverse bioactivities, from the enhancement of insulin secretion and the optimization of blood glucose absorption to anti-inflammatory effects. The intricate nature of FAHFAs' structure reflects a synthetic challenge that requires the strategic introduction of ester bonds along the hydroxy fatty acid chain. Our research seeks to create an effective methodology for generating varied FAHFA derivatives.
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