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Acute Cocaine Toxicity Complicated by Cerebral Edema, Respiratory Failure, and Coronary Vasospasm: A Case Report and Review of Multimodal Management Strategies.
Cureus
October 2024
Internal Medicine, Cape Coral Hospital, Cape Coral, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Cocaine use can lead to serious medical issues, including acute and chronic complications that may cause organ failure, and many overdose deaths occur without the drug being laced with other substances like fentanyl.
- A case study of a 40-year-old man shows severe symptoms from suspected cocaine use, including hyperthermia and unresponsiveness, requiring aggressive medical intervention and highlighting complications such as rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury.
- Despite initial concerns about heart issues, it was determined that elevated cardiac troponins were related to cocaine-induced effects rather than coronary artery disease, and a previously discovered brain lesion was monitored without needing immediate surgery.
Cocaine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy: A case report and literature review.
Radiol Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital of Tangier, Tangier, Morocco.
Article Synopsis
- Cocaine use can lead to serious health issues, including strokes and a rare condition called cocaine-induced multiple leukoencephalopathy.
- An 18-year-old woman, with no prior health issues, experienced this condition after using cocaine and was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, showing some improvement.
- Recent findings suggest that levamisole, a common adulterant found in cocaine, may also contribute to the development of multiple leukoencephalopathy.
Case Report: Toxic megacolon secondary to chronic constipation and cocaine consumption.
Front Surg
August 2024
Surgery Unit, Hospital General de México (HGM), Mexico City, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
- Toxic megacolon (TM) is a serious condition marked by extreme dilation of the colon, often linked to inflammatory bowel disease and infections.
- A unique case study describes a 25-year-old male with a history of recurrent constipation and cocaine use, who developed TM, requiring emergency surgery due to complications like intestinal obstruction and perforation.
- This case emphasizes the potential dangers of chronic constipation, particularly when combined with substance use, and the need for better understanding and monitoring of such patients’ medical histories.
Oral Rehabilitation for a Patient with Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions.
Case Rep Otolaryngol
June 2024
Department of ENT, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Article Synopsis
- A 36-year-old man with a history of cocaine addiction was hospitalized due to nasal ulcers and palatal perforation, leading to the diagnosis of CIMDL, confirmed by imaging and microbiological cultures.
- Treatment involved antibiotic therapy and repeated nasal debridement, alongside psychological support for his addiction, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing these complex cases.
Cocaine-Induced Chronic Bowel Ischemia Manifesting As Small Bowel Obstruction.
Cureus
April 2024
Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, GRC.
Cocaine represents one of the most frequently used recreational drugs worldwide. Cocaine-related disorders mostly affect the nervous and cardiovascular system, although gastrointestinal complications are not negligible and sometimes life-threatening. The most common gastrointestinal manifestations of cocaine abuse are ulceration, infarction, perforation, ischemic enterocolitis, and rarely hemorrhage, with mesenteric ischemia being the underlying pathophysiological mechanism.
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