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Fiscal decentralization, local government behavior and environmental pollution: Evidence from "Province-Managing-County" reform in China.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
School of Public Administration, University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, China. Electronic address:
The impact of fiscal decentralization on environmental pollution is a widely debated topic that remains inconclusive. Central to this discussion is whether local governments pursue a "race to the top" or "race to the bottom" competitive strategy. The environmental federalism theory provides insight into this dynamic within federal system but falls short in explaining similar phenomenon in non-federal systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tobacco taxes are a powerful tool for reducing tobacco consumption and a reliable source of revenue for government.
Aim: To investigate the potential efficacy of tobacco taxation strategies in Jordan in relation to their fiscal and health-related outcomes.
Methods: Using Tobacconomics, we conducted a comparative analysis of several taxation scenarios: maintaining the status quo; increasing both specific excise and tiered taxes; increasing tiered tax rates alone; and raising specific excise taxes only.
Impact of taxation on tobacco products prices in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.
East Mediterr Health J
December 2024
Universal Health Coverage/Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, WHO Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: In 2016, the 6 Gulf Cooperation Council countries agreed to implement a harmonized excise tax on tobacco products, at a rate of 100% of the pre-tax price.
Aim: To assess the implementation of tobacco taxation in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates and its impact on consumer prices, affordability and substitution possibilities.
Methods: This study conducted simple descriptive analysis of open-source secondary data reported to WHO by Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates on cigarette excise taxes, price levels, price dispersion, and affordability.
The use of community treatment orders in people with substance induced psychosis.
Int J Law Psychiatry
December 2024
Brandon University, Canada. Electronic address:
The community treatment order (CTO) is a legally mandated approach to community based psychiatric care that has been in existence for over 20 years in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Changes to legislation of CTOs implemented in 2015, has resulted in bolstered use of this approach to treat substance induced psychosis (SIP). Treatment plans implemented with the use of CTOs in the present study include pharmacotherapy, in the form of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI-AP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedical Devices Applying for Outpatient Medicare Supplemental Payments.
JAMA Health Forum
November 2024
School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
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