[Cytogenetic diagnosis of first trimester spontaneous abortion].

Background: About 15% of all pregnancies end in abortion. In approximately 60% of all losses are chromosomal abnormalities as a cause of pregnancy loss.

Objective: To determine the importance of cytogenetic study in patients with spontaneous abortion.

Materials And Methods: A series of cases of women diagnosed with spontaneous abortion less than 12 weeks and cytogenetic studies. Two groups, one group of women with normal cytogenetics and group 2 patients with abnormal cytogenetic result. 44 patients were excluded by cytogenetic study failed.

Results: We included 164 women, 55 and 65 for groups 1 and 2, respectively. In 44 cases the material was not suitable for performing karyotype. Of the 120 cases included, had abnormal karyotypes in 65 cases (54%), of which 34 cases (52.3%) were trisomy, 16 cases (24.6%) to polyploidy and 9 cases (13.8%) a monosomy. In addition, we found six cases (8.7%) with recurrent pregnancy loss. The maternal age limit increased incidence of chromosomal abnormalities occurred in the group of 31 and 35 years with 20 cases (30%). Of trisomies, the 16 were the mostfrequent with 11 cases (32.3%).

Conclusions: The finding of 54% of chromosomal abnormalities in spontaneous abortion products demonstrates the importance of cytogenetic study, regardless of patient age and number of previous pregnancy losses.