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MRI-based modelling of left atrial flow and coagulation to predict risk of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation.
Med Image Anal
January 2025
School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, UK. Electronic address:
Atrial fibrillation (AF), impacting nearly 50 million individuals globally, is a major contributor to ischaemic strokes, predominantly originating from the left atrial appendage (LAA). Current clinical scores like CHA₂DS₂-VASc, while useful, provide limited insight into the pro-thrombotic mechanisms of Virchow's triad-blood stasis, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability. This study leverages biophysical computational modelling to deepen our understanding of thrombogenesis in AF patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of Vein Wall Hyperelasticity and Blood Flow Turbulence on Hemodynamic Parameters in the Inferior Vena Cava with a Filter.
Micromachines (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are vital in preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) by trapping large blood clots, especially in patients unsuitable for anticoagulation. In this study, the accuracy of two common simplifying assumptions in numerical studies of IVC filters-the rigid wall assumption and the laminar flow model-is examined, contrasting them with more realistic hyperelastic wall and turbulent flow models. Using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques, the investigation focuses on three hemodynamic parameters: time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and relative residence time (RRT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrating biomarkers for hemostatic disorders into computational models of blood clot formation: A systematic review.
Math Biosci Eng
December 2024
Laboratory of Optimization, Design, and Advanced Control, School of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
In the pursuit of personalized medicine, there is a growing demand for computational models with parameters that are easily obtainable to accelerate the development of potential solutions. Blood tests, owing to their affordability, accessibility, and routine use in healthcare, offer valuable biomarkers for assessing hemostatic balance in thrombotic and bleeding disorders. Incorporating these biomarkers into computational models of blood coagulation is crucial for creating patient-specific models, which allow for the analysis of the influence of these biomarkers on clot formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of discrepancy between clot-based and chromogenic factor IX coagulation assays in non-severe hemophilia B patients and identification of the causing mutations.
Transfus Apher Sci
December 2024
Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Background: Hemophilia B, or Christmas disease, is a hemorrhagic inherited disorder. Previous studies have reported measurement discrepancies in factor VIII activity between clot-based and chromogenic assays in approximately one-third of patients with non-severe hemophilia A. However, similar discrepancies in hemophilia B have been less extensively studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLoss of protein C vs protein S results in discrepant thrombotic phenotypes.
Blood Adv
December 2024
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Venous thrombosis is a leading cause of morbidity/mortality and associated with deficiencies of the anticoagulant protein C (PC, PROC) and its cofactor, protein S (PS, PROS1). Heterozygous mutations increase the risk of adult-onset thrombosis, while homozygous mutations result in pre/neonatal lethal thrombosis. PC- and PS-deficient patient phenotypes are generally considered clinically indistinguishable.
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