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FFR-Negative Nonculprit High-Risk Plaques and Clinical Outcomes in High-Risk Populations: An Individual Patient-Data Pooled Analysis From COMBINE (OCT-FFR) and PECTUS-obs.
Circ Cardiovasc Interv
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (R.H.J.A.V., J.-Q.M., N.v.R.).
Background: Despite fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided deferral of revascularization, recurrent events in patients with diabetes or after myocardial infarction remain common. This study aimed to assess the association between FFR-negative but high-risk nonculprit lesions and clinical outcomes.
Methods: This is a patient-level pooled analysis of the prospective natural-history COMBINE (OCT-FFR) study (Optical Coherence Tomography Morphologic and Fractional Flow Reserve Assessment in Diabetes Mellitus Patients) and PECTUS-obs study (Identification of Risk Factors for Acute Coronary Events by OCT After STEMI and NSTEMI Patients With Residual Non- Flow Limiting Lesions).
Identification of ALEKSIN as a novel multi-IRF inhibitor of IRF- and STAT-mediated transcription in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Front Pharmacol
January 2025
Human Molecular Genetics Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) include atherosclerosis, which is an inflammatory disease of large and medium vessels that leads to atherosclerotic plaque formation. The key factors contributing to the onset and progression of atherosclerosis include the pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)α and IFNγ and the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Together, they trigger the activation of IFN regulatory factors (IRFs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegression of carotid atherosclerosis in high-risk individuals with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors.
Lipids
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors represent a novel approach for reducing cholesterol and, accordingly, the burden of atherosclerosis. However, limited data are available regarding the possible effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on atherosclerotic plaque. To evaluate the efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitors in reducing carotid plaque progression in individuals with high-risk carotid atherosclerotic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVLDL triglycerides and cholesterol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and myocardial infarction.
Atherosclerosis
December 2024
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The two diseases share elevated very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) carrying both triglycerides and cholesterol; however, in NAFLD mainly triglycerides accumulate in liver cells while in myocardial infarction mainly cholesterol accumulates in the atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that VLDL triglycerides preferentially associate with risk of NAFLD, while VLDL cholesterol preferentially associates with risk of myocardial infarction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferentiation of Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaque Components With Dual-Energy Computed Tomography.
Invest Radiol
January 2025
From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (M.A., J.B., T.F., A.A.P., M.E.K.); CARIM, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (M.A., J.B., M.J.J.G., W.H.M., R.J.v.O., M.E.K.); Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (M.J.J.G.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndrome; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory Diseases; Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.J.J.G.); Department of Neurology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands (T.H.C.M.L.S.); Department of Neurology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard, the Netherlands (N.P.v.O.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.-W.H.C.D.); Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (W.H.M.); Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (R.J.v.O.); and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (A.A.P.).
Objectives: Carotid plaque vulnerability is a strong predictor of recurrent ipsilateral stroke, but differentiation of plaque components using conventional computed tomography (CT) is suboptimal. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of dual-energy CT (DECT) to characterize atherosclerotic carotid plaque components based on the effective atomic number and effective electron density using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, where possible, histology as the reference standard.
Materials And Methods: Patients with recent cerebral ischemia and a ≥2-mm carotid plaque underwent computed tomography angiography and MRI.
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