Newer insights into the drug delivery approaches of α-glucosidase inhibitors.

Introduction: α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are an important category of oral antidiabetic agents being extensively exploited for the effective management of type 2 diabetes and associated disorders. These drugs significantly reduce the postprandial rise in glycemic and plasma insulin levels both in nondiabetics and in type 2 diabetic patients. Currently only three drugs belonging to this category, viz, acarbose, miglitol and voglibose are in the market. The major limitations associated with the administration of AGIs are the stringent repetitive dosing schedule at specified time intervals, along with a high incidence of gastrointestinal disturbances that mainly include flatulence, abdominal distension, borborygmus and diarrhea. All these factors tend to decrease patient compliance.

Areas Covered: This review focuses on the various formulation approaches being targeted for the effective delivery of AGIs, viz, unit matrix systems, bioadhesive pellets, hydrogels and lipid-based granules.

Expert Opinion: It is concluded that development of a successful controlled-release delivery system for these drugs will obviate the need of repeated administration, which in turn will improve patient compliance.