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Conflict Processing in the Rat Brain: Behavioral Analysis and Functional μPET Imaging Using [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Conflicts in spatial tasks arise when a stimulus suggests a response location that differs from where it is actually presented, leading to increased errors and longer reaction times, known as the Simon effect.
  • - A dual route processing model (automatic and intentional) predicts response conflicts when these routes produce opposing responses, with the anterior cingulate cortex being key for managing this conflict.
  • - This study utilized PET imaging in rats performing an auditory Simon task to identify brain areas involved in conflict processing, revealing activation patterns that align with dual route theories and supporting comparisons with human brain function.

Article Abstract

Conflicts in spatial stimulus-response tasks occur when the task-relevant feature of a stimulus implies a response toward a certain location which does not match the location of stimulus presentation. This conflict leads to increased error rates and longer reaction times, which has been termed Simon effect. A model of dual route processing (automatic and intentional) of stimulus features has been proposed, predicting response conflicts if the two routes are incongruent. Although there is evidence that the prefrontal cortex, notably the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), plays a crucial role in conflict processing, the neuronal basis of dual route architecture is still unknown. In this study, we pursue a novel approach using positron emission tomography (PET) to identify relevant brain areas in a rat model of an auditory Simon task, a neuropsychological interference task, which is commonly used to study conflict processing in humans. For combination with PET we used the metabolic tracer [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose, which accumulates in metabolically active brain cells during the behavioral task. Brain areas involved in conflict processing are supposed to be activated when automatic and intentional route processing lead to different responses (dual route model). Analysis of PET data revealed specific activation patterns for different task settings applicable to the dual route model as established for response conflict processing. The rat motor cortex (M1) may be part of the automatic route or involved in its facilitation, while premotor (M2), prelimbic, and ACC seemed to be essential for inhibiting the incorrect, automatic response, indicating conflict monitoring functions. Our findings and the remarkable similarities to the pattern of activated regions reported during conflict processing in humans demonstrate that our rodent model opens novel opportunities to investigate the anatomical basis of conflict processing and dual route architecture.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3275787PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00004DOI Listing

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