AI Article Synopsis

  • Research on speech development in 3- to 5-year-olds shows high variability between children, impacting speech movements, acoustics, and behaviors.
  • * A study identified three distinct groups of typically developing preschoolers based on their speech performance, creating normative benchmarks for development.
  • * The analysis, using k-means clustering on 72 speech measures, revealed that two groups had varied speech but similar phonemic accuracy, while the third group had lower accuracy without increased variability.

Article Abstract

Three- to five-year-old children produce speech that is characterized by a high level of variability within and across individuals. This variability, which is manifest in speech movements, acoustics, and overt behaviors, can be input to subgroup discovery methods to identify cohesive subgroups of speakers or to reveal distinct developmental pathways or profiles. This investigation characterized three distinct groups of typically developing children and provided normative benchmarks for speech development. These speech development profiles, identified among 63 typically developing preschool-aged speakers (ages 36-59 mo), were derived from the children's performance on multiple measures. These profiles were obtained by submitting to a k-means cluster analysis of 72 measures that composed three levels of speech analysis: behavioral (e.g., task accuracy, percentage of consonants correct), acoustic (e.g., syllable duration, syllable stress), and kinematic (e.g., variability of movements of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw). Two of the discovered group profiles were distinguished by measures of variability but not by phonemic accuracy; the third group of children was characterized by their relatively low phonemic accuracy but not by an increase in measures of variability. Analyses revealed that of the original 72 measures, 8 key measures were sufficient to best distinguish the 3 profile groups.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362276PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00337.2010DOI Listing

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