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Microbiomes of ant castes implicate new microbial roles in the fungus-growing ant Trachymyrmex septentrionalis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Fungus-growing ants, specifically Trachymyrmex septentrionalis, use various methods to fend off diseases, including microbial biofilms that inhibit pathogens on their bodies and in their fungal gardens.
  • A study employing both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods uncovered a diverse range of actinobacteria in these ants, with Solirubrobacter and Pseudonocardia being the most prevalent.
  • While the populations of these bacteria remained steady throughout the active season, Pseudonocardia levels dropped in reproductive female ants, suggesting that the bacteria may play roles in protecting against ant diseases and aiding nest hygiene, rather than directly combating the Escovopsis pathogen.

Article Abstract

Fungus-growing ants employ several defenses against diseases, including disease-suppressing microbial biofilms on their integument and in fungal gardens. Here, we compare the phenology of microbiomes in natural nests of the temperate fungus-growing ant Trachymyrmex septentrionalis using culture-dependent isolations and culture-independent 16S-amplicon 454-sequencing. 454-sequencing revealed diverse actinobacteria associated with ants, including most prominently Solirubrobacter (12.2-30.9% of sequence reads), Pseudonocardia (3.5-42.0%), and Microlunatus (0.4-10.8%). Bacterial abundances remained relatively constant in monthly surveys throughout the annual active period (late winter to late summer), except Pseudonocardia abundance declined in females during the reproductive phase. Pseudonocardia species found on ants are phylogenetically different from those in gardens and soil, indicating ecological separation of these Pseudonocardia types. Because the pathogen Escovopsis is not known to infect gardens of T. septentrionalis, the ant-associated microbes do not seem to function in Escovopsis suppression, but could protect against ant diseases, help in nest sanitation, or serve unknown functions.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244503PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep00204DOI Listing

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