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Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is one of the effective antibiotics used for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infections, but its resistance rate has increased recently. Previous studies have focused on the mechanisms of CZA resistance, while its heteroresistance in CRKP remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of CZA heteroresistance in CRKP isolates.

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Nosocomial bloodstream infections with multidrug-resistant microorganisms have become a common health threat in intensive care settings worldwide. Understanding antimicrobial resistance and the outcomes of these infections is crucial for addressing this issue. This study aimed to investigate the burden, antimicrobial resistance, and 28-day outcomes of nosocomial bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the mechanisms of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) in a hypervirulent strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae known as CRE146, which carries the bla gene.
  • Researchers isolated twelve carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains from a single patient, employing whole genome sequencing and various pathogenicity tests to understand the virulence factors and resistance development.
  • Findings revealed that the resistance was linked to drug exposure and involved specific genetic mutations in carbapenemase (KPC-228), with CRE146 showing high resistance to CZA while being more susceptible to other antibiotics like meropenem and imipenem.
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Introduction: Colonisation and infection with Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in healthcare settings poses significant risks, especially for vulnerable patients. Genomic analysis can be used to trace transmission routes, supporting antimicrobial stewardship and informing infection control strategies. Here we used genomic analysis to track the movement and transmission of CREs within clinical and environmental samples.

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Large, protracted, multispecies and multiclonal spread of VIM-type Metallo-ß-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales in an Italian Hospital.

J Hosp Infect

December 2024

Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, particularly those producing carbapenemases (CPE), pose a major threat to human health, being listed among critical-priority resistant pathogens by the World Health Organization.

Aim: In this study we report on a large nosocomial spread of CPE of different species producing VIM-type carbapenemases, and on the infection prevention and control measures thata were adopted to contrast the spread.

Methods: Conventional culture and molecular methods were used for detection and identification of VIM-positive CPE (VIM-CPE) causing infections or colonizing patients or present in environmental specimens.

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