Can a moral norm be manipulated and if so, how does a manipulated moral norm interact with a descriptive norm to impact on behavioural intentions? The present research addressed these questions in three studies. Study 1a and 1b demonstrated the validity of a manipulation designed to activate a moral norm for volunteer activity. In Study 2, activating a moral norm for volunteering strengthened intentions to volunteer and inhibited intentions to conform to a descriptive norm. Conceptual and applied implications of activating a moral norm are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2012.02095.x | DOI Listing |
Cereb Cortex
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59, Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
The phenomenon of beneficiaries ignoring benefactors' violations, ranging from everyday favors to bribes, is widespread yet lacks targeted theoretical and empirical attention. We propose a conceptual framework that includes "social debt" and "reciprocity bias," where "social debt" is defined as information about benefits bestowed by benefactors and "reciprocity bias" as the influence of social debt on beneficiaries' perceptions and decisions in situations involving the benefactor. To investigate this bias in moral perception and its cognitive-neural mechanisms, we manipulated three levels of social debt (none, less, more) by varying the amount of unasked benefits that benefactors bestowed upon participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Bachelor Program in Digital Media and Technology, Tzu Chi University, 701 Zhongyang Rd., Sec. 3, Hualien City, 97004, Taiwan.
Altruism is beneficial to society as it promotes mental and physical health alongside economic and societal growth. Previous studies have indicated, however, that people tend not to engage in altruistic behaviors toward strangers. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the factors that motivate individuals to participate in altruistic actions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
December 2024
Graduate School of International Cultural Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. Electronic address:
Saving domestic water has become one of the most important policy targets in addressing the increasing shortage of fresh water worldwide. Culture plays a significant role in people's behaviors including how they tend to use water at home. This study aims to explore the effect of culture on domestic water saving.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognition
January 2025
The Uehiro Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Economics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Center for Humans and Machines, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Machines powered by artificial intelligence have the potential to replace or collaborate with human decision-makers in moral settings. In these roles, machines would face moral tradeoffs, such as automated vehicles (AVs) distributing inevitable risks among road users. Do people believe that machines should make moral decisions differently from humans? If so, why? To address these questions, we conducted six studies (N = 6805) to examine how people, as observers, believe human drivers and AVs should act in similar moral dilemmas and how they judge their moral decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Educ
November 2024
Medical Education Department, Educational Development Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Background: The study aims to assess the situational judgment capability of students in various professions, including medicine, surgical nursing, anesthesia nursing, and emergency medical technology, using a validated and adapted Situational Judgment Test (SJT).
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2023-2024. The study consisted of two steps: (1) adaptation and validity assessment of the SJT in various health professions, and (2) evaluation of students' situational judgment capability using the adapted SJT.
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