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Domestication constrains the ability of dogs to convey emotions via facial expressions in comparison to their wolf ancestors.
Sci Rep
May 2024
Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are the domestically bred descendant of wolves (Canis lupus). However, selective breeding has profoundly altered facial morphologies of dogs compared to their wolf ancestors. We demonstrate that these morphological differences limit the abilities of dogs to successfully produce the same affective facial expressions as wolves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural genomic variation in the inbred Scandinavian wolf population contributes to the realized genetic load but is positively affected by immigration.
Evol Appl
February 2024
Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.
When populations decrease in size and may become isolated, genomic erosion by loss of diversity from genetic drift and accumulation of deleterious mutations is likely an inevitable consequence. In such cases, immigration (genetic rescue) is necessary to restore levels of genetic diversity and counteract inbreeding depression. Recent work in conservation genomics has studied these processes focusing on the genetic diversity of single nucleotide polymorphisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe far-reaching effects of genetic process in a keystone predator species, grey wolves.
Sci Adv
August 2023
College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931.
Although detrimental genetic processes are known to adversely affect the viability of populations, little is known about how detrimental genetic processes in a keystone species can affect the functioning of ecosystems. Here, we assessed how changes in the genetic characteristics of a keystone predator, grey wolves, affected the ecosystem of Isle Royale National Park over two decades. Changes in the genetic characteristic of the wolf population associated with a genetic rescue event, followed by high levels of inbreeding, led to a rise and then fall in predation rates on moose, the primary prey of wolves and dominant mammalian herbivore in this system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes the Wolf () Exhibit Human Habituation Behaviours after Rehabilitation and Release into the Wild? A Case Report from Central Italy.
Animals (Basel)
December 2022
Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
The knowledge of how wolves’ movement patterns and habitat selection are affected by habituation to persons after a period of veterinary isolation, treatment and non-agonistic experience with humans is scarce. Unnatural behaviours could be transferred by imitation to members of the pack and to subsequent generations, increasing direct interaction risks. We used GPS data from a rescued radio-collared female wolf after an 11-day rehabilitation to estimate home range, movement patterns, circadian rhythms, and habitat selection, searching for signals of eventual behavioural distortions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom high masked to high realized genetic load in inbred Scandinavian wolves.
Mol Ecol
April 2023
Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
When new mutations arise at functional sites they are more likely to impair than improve fitness. If not removed by purifying selection, such deleterious mutations will generate a genetic load that can have negative fitness effects in small populations and increase the risk of extinction. This is relevant for the highly inbred Scandinavian wolf (Canis lupus) population, founded by only three wolves in the 1980s and suffering from inbreeding depression.
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