Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are a canonical set of enzymes that specifically attach corresponding amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. The aaRSs display great differences in primary sequence, subunit size, and quaternary structure. Existence of three types of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS)-bacterial (αβ)(2), eukaryotic/archaeal cytosolic (αβ)(2), and mitochondrial α-is a prominent example of structural diversity within the aaRSs family. Although archaeal/eukaryotic and bacterial PheRSs share common topology of the core domains and the B3/B4 interface, where editing activity of heterotetrameric PheRSs is localized, the detailed investigation of the three-dimensional structures from three kingdoms revealed significant variations in the local design of their synthetic and editing sites. Moreover, as might be expected from structural data eubacterial, Thermus thermophilus and human cytoplasmic PheRSs acquire different patterns of tRNA(Phe) anticodon recognition.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3275996 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/983503 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Two Novel Biallelic Variants in the Gene: The First Italian Case and a Literature Review.
Genes (Basel)
December 2024
Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
: The gene encodes for the catalytic α subunit of Cytoplasmic phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase (FARS1), an essential enzyme for protein biosynthesis in transferring its amino acid component to tRNAs. Biallelic pathogenic variants have been associated with a multisystemic condition, characterized by variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance. Here, we report the case of an 11 year-old girl presenting interstitial lung disease, supratentorial leukoencephalopathy with brain cysts, hepatic dysfunction, hypoalbuminemia, skin and joint hyperlaxity, growth retardation, and dysmorphic features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPioneering precision in markerless strain development for Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002.
Microb Cell Fact
October 2024
Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
Marine cyanobacteria such as Picosynechococcus sp. (formerly called Synechococcus sp.) PCC 7002 are promising chassis for photosynthetic production of commodity chemicals with low environmental burdens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA pseudo-homozygous missense variant and Alu-mediated exon 5 deletion in FARS2 causing spastic paraplegia 77.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
November 2024
Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
FARS2-associated hereditary spastic paraplegia, later onset spastic paraplegia type 77, is a rarely neurodegenerative disease. Here, we reported two affected siblings in an autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia family with a pseudo-homozygous missense variant and Alu-mediated exon 5 deletion in FARS2. Both patients gradually developed altered gaits and weakness in both lower limbs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCausal association between mitochondrial function and psychiatric disorders: Insights from a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
J Affect Disord
January 2025
The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:
Background: Previous observational studies have suggested that there appears to be a close association between mitochondrial function and psychiatric disorders, but whether a causal role exists remains unclear.
Methods: We extracted genetic instruments for 67 mitochondrial-related proteins and 10 psychiatric disorders from publicly available genome-wide association studies, and employed five distinct MR methods and false discovery rate correction to detect causal associations between them. Additionally, we conducted a series of sensitivity tests and additional model analysis to ensure the robustness of the results.
Tuning the Functionality of Designer Translating Organelles with Orthogonal tRNA Synthetase/tRNA Pairs.
J Mol Biol
November 2024
Biocenter, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) gGmbH, Ackermannweg 4, 55128 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address:
Site-specific incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) can be realized by genetic code expansion (GCE) technology. Different orthogonal tRNA synthetase/tRNA (RS/tRNA) pairs have been developed to introduce a ncAA at the desired site, delivering a wide variety of functionalities that can be installed into selected proteins. Cytoplasmic expression of RS/tRNA pairs can cause a problem with background ncAA incorporation into host proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!