The optimal spectral profiles of lighting for naturalness, individual preference, and chromatic diversity were estimated with psychophysical experiments in which observers selected illuminants from a set of metamers of D65 to render outdoor and indoor scenes. For naturalness, the illuminant selected was more spectrally structured than daylight and had a low color rendering index. For preference, the illuminant was similar but produced colors a little more saturated. For chromatic diversity, the spectrum was much more structured, with clearly defined peaks in the blue, green, and red spectral regions. These experiments show that light sources with specific structured spectra may have important visual applications in lighting.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.29.00A144 | DOI Listing |
Plant Biol (Stuttg)
January 2025
Department of Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Nature offers a bewildering diversity of flower colours. Understanding the ecology and evolution of this fantastic floral diversity requires knowledge about the visual systems of their natural observers, such as insect pollinators. The key question is how flower colour and pattern can be measured and represented to characterise the signals that are relevant to pollinators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem X
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
Dried (DZM) is one of the popular categories in spices and condiments market. The flavor and quality of DZM products determine its value and application scope. This study evaluated the flavor and quality of DZMs from various origins, considering physical, chemical, and safety attributes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
December 2024
College of Culinary and Food Science Engineering, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China.
This study aimed to investigate the influence of varying weight ratios of Shuanla and Erjingtiao peppers (10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 2:8, and 0:10, corresponding to samples PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF, and PG, respectively) on the sensory attributes, chromatism, acid values (AVs), peroxide values (POVs), capsaicinoids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of seven chili oil samples. GC-IMS was employed to detect the VOCs of the chili oil samples, which were subsequently analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. The results revealed significant differences in pungency among the samples, with the PA sample exhibiting the strongest pungency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
November 2024
Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida São José do Barreto, 764, São José do Barreto, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro 27965-045, Brazil.
Mustelidae is the largest and most diverse family within the order Carnivora, encompasses 65 species and 22 genera, and is widely distributed around the world. Mustelids exhibit a multiplicity of coloration patterns, ranging from darker tones, such as black and brown, to lighter tones, such as pale yellow and white. Anomalous colorations in wild mustelids are occasionally reported, but these records are still poorly discussed in the scientific literature and are often subject to misidentification and/or incorrect terminology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem X
December 2024
College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China.
To identify wine grape cultivars () with superior color properties for wine production, the anthocyanin composition and color characteristics of fourteen cultivars and their wines were investigated. Grapes and wines from 'Dornfelder', 'Dunkelfelder', and 'Malbec' cultivars exhibited significantly higher total phenolic contents. At harvest, 'Dornfelder' grapes and wines exhibited the highest total anthocyanin contents, with values of 249.
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