Subfemtosecond bursts of extreme ultraviolet radiation, facilitated by a process known as high-order harmonic generation, are a key ingredient for attosecond metrology, providing a tool to precisely initiate and probe ultrafast dynamics in the microcosms of atoms, molecules, and solids. These ultrashort pulses are always, and as a by-product of the way they are generated, accompanied by laser-induced recollisions of electrons with their parent ions. By using a few-cycle infrared (λ(0)=2.1 μm) driving laser, we were able to directly excite high-energy (∼870 eV) inner-shell electrons through laser-induced electron recollision, opening the door to time-resolved studies of core-level and concomitant multielectron dynamics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.023201 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
August 2024
Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
The coupling of circularly polarized light to local band structure extrema ("valleys") in two dimensional semiconductors promises a new electronics based on the valley degree of freedom. Such pulses, however, couple only to valley charge and not to the valley current, precluding lightwave manipulation of this second vital element of valleytronic devices. Contradicting this established wisdom, we show that the few cycle limit of circularly polarized light is imbued with an emergent vectorial character that allows direct coupling to the valley current.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
August 2024
Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.
We describe a beamline where few-femtosecond ultraviolet (UV) pulses are generated and synchronized to few-cycle near-infrared (NIR) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses. The UV light is obtained via third-harmonic generation in argon or neon gas when focusing a phase-stabilized NIR driving field inside a glass cell that was designed to support high pressures for enhanced conversion efficiency. A recirculation system allows reducing the large gas consumption required for the nonlinear process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
September 2024
Institut für Physik and Center for Nanoscale Dynamics (CeNaD), Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky Str. 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett
June 2024
James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA and Arizona Center of Mathematical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
We predict the emergence of novel X-waves emitted as a consequence of extreme dispersive shock regularization of an intense long wave few cycle pulse propagating through a weakly dispersive medium. This robust propagation-invariant solution to Maxwell's equations appears as the asymptotic state in the high harmonic conversion when the pump propagates in a strongly nonlinear weakly dispersive regime, while the weakly nonlinear conical emission is dominated by chromatic dispersion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe compare multiple temporal pulse characterization techniques in three different pulse duration regimes from 15 fs to sub-5 fs, as there are no available standards yet for measuring such ultrashort pulses. To accomplish this, a versatile post-compression platform was developed, where the 100 fs near infrared pulses were post-compressed to the sub-two-cycle regime in a hybrid, three-stage configuration. After each stage, the duration of the compressed pulse was measured with the d-scan, TIPTOE and SRSI techniques and the retrieved temporal intensity profiles, spectrum and spectral phases were compared.
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