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Phytochemistry, Mechanisms, and Preclinical Studies of Echinacea Extracts in Modulating Immune Responses to Bacterial and Viral Infections: A Comprehensive Review.
Antibiotics (Basel)
October 2024
UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Echinacea species are known for their immune-boosting, antibacterial, and antiviral effects, and this review examines how their extracts influence both innate and adaptive immune responses during infections.
- Key bioactive compounds like alkamides and flavonoids enhance the activity of immune cells, improve cytokine production, and help fight against various bacterial and viral pathogens.
- The review also highlights echinacea's potential role as a complementary treatment, discusses challenges in standardizing herbal content, and suggests future research directions, including clinical trials.
Typhimurium infection inhibits macrophage IFNβ signaling in a TLR4-dependent manner.
Infect Immun
October 2024
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * STm infection inhibits IFNβ signaling without affecting IFNγ signaling, and this inhibition is linked to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can independently block IFNβ-mediated signaling.
- * The research reveals decreased levels of the IFNα/β receptor 1 (IFNAR1) on macrophage surfaces in response to LPS, suggesting a mechanism for the observed
Development of Polymerase Chain Reaction-High-Resolution Melt Assay for Waterborne Pathogens , , and .
Microorganisms
July 2024
Forensic Science Program, Chemistry Department, Towson University, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252-0001, USA.
is the waterborne pathogen primarily responsible for causing both Pontiac Fever and Legionnaire's Disease in humans. is transmitted via aerosolized water droplets. The purpose of this study was to design and test primers to allow for rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) melt detection and identification of this infectious agent in cases of clinical or emergency response detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTyphimurium infection inhibits macrophage IFNβ signaling in a TLR4-dependent manner.
bioRxiv
March 2024
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Type I Interferons (IFNs) generally have a protective role during viral infections, but their function during bacterial infections is dependent on the bacterial species. and can inhibit type I IFN signaling. Here we examined the role of type I IFN, specifically IFNβ, in the context of serovar Typhimurium (STm) macrophage infections and the capacity of STm to inhibit type I IFN signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhagocytosis-associated genes in Acanthamoeba castellanii feeding on Escherichia coli.
Parasites Hosts Dis
November 2023
Department of Parasitology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan 49201, Korea.
Acanthamoeba species are free-living amoebae those are widely distributed in the environment. They feed on various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae. Although majority of the microbes phagocytosed by Acanthamoeba spp.
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