Analysis of the current status of acoustic protection in aviation shows that despite the material progress in the field, risk of professional pathologies in flying and technical personnel is still high. The situation is dramatized by the lack of effective personal and crew acoustic protectors. The authors speculate on applicability of innovative materials and technologies, ingenious designs of earphones and modular prefabricated demountable structures. Tests of proposed personal protectors demonstrated their competitiveness with foreign analogs. Prospective lines of development, e.g. incorporation of active sound absorption systems in existing passive protectors are discussed.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
The sense of hearing originates in the cochlea, which detects sounds across dynamic sensory environments. Like other peripheral organs, the cochlea is subjected to environmental insults, including loud, damage-inducing sounds. In response to internal and external stimuli, the central nervous system directly modulates cochlear function through olivocochlear neurons (OCNs), which are located in the brainstem and innervate the cochlear sensory epithelium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acoust Soc Am
January 2025
School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Since traffic flow has not been generated, a traffic noise prediction model based on actual traffic state data cannot be directly applied to the planned road network. Therefore, a regional traffic noise prediction method is proposed to find the upper limit of network noise emission based on design elements. The model is developed with noise predictions of the basic road section, interrupted/continuous intersections, and regional network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acoust Soc Am
January 2025
Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Structural Analysis, Appelstrasse 9a, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
Pile driving for offshore wind turbines typically generates high sound levels in the water column. Bubble curtains are frequently employed to protect marine fauna. This study aims to investigate the effect of a bubble curtain on the generated sound wave field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Sens
January 2025
Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-road, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
Rational design of heterostructure (HS)-based surface acoustic wave (SAW) smart gas sensors for efficient and accurate subppm level ammonia (NH) detection at room temperature (RT) is of great significance in environmental protection and human safety. This study introduced a novel HS composed of an AlN-based SAW resonator and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) as a chemical interface for NH detection at RT (∼26 °C). The structural, morphological, and chemical compositions were detailly investigated, which demonstrates that the CuO/AlN HS was successfully formed via interfacial modulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Institut Jean Lamour, Nancy, 54000, France.
ℤ-classified higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) with chiral-symmetric higher-order topological phases protected by multipole chiral numbers (MCNs) have attracted extensive interest recently. However, how to design artificial ℤ-classified HOTIs with multiple topological phases remains an unresolved issue. Here, multiorbital degrees of freedom are introduced to acoustic crystals and the various methods of topological phase transitions are achieved for the orbital ℤ-classified HOTIs.
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