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Staged Screening Identifies People with Biomarkers Related to Neuronal Alpha-Synuclein Disease.
Ann Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Objective: Remote identification of individuals with severe hyposmia may enable scalable recruitment of participants with underlying alpha-synuclein aggregation. We evaluated the performance of a staged screening paradigm using remote smell testing to enrich for abnormal dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography imaging (DAT-SPECT) and alpha-synuclein aggregation.
Methods: The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) recruited participants for the prodromal cohort who were 60-years and older without a Parkinson's disease diagnosis.
Striatal and peripheral dopaminergic alterations related to cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia.
Psychol Med
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Cognitive impairment, a major determinant of poor functioning in schizophrenia, had limited responses to existing antipsychotic drugs. The limited efficacy could be due to regional differences in the dysregulation of the dopamine system. This study investigated striatal and peripheral dopaminergic makers in schizophrenia and their relationship with cognitive impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimal DaTQUANT Thresholds for Diagnostic Accuracy of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's Disease (PD).
Tomography
October 2024
Statistics Consulting Laboratory, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
Quantitative thresholds are helpful to define an abnormal DaT SPECT in patients with suspected nigrostriatal degenerative diseases (NSDD). The optimal DaTQUANT threshold for diagnostic accuracy of DaT SPECT across combined movement and cognitive disorder populations has been previously described. : We established optimal DaTQUANT thresholds that enhance the discrimination between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and non-DLB dementia types, as well as between Parkinsonian syndromes (PS) and conditions not characterized by nigrostriatal degeneration (non-PS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethylphenidate differentially alters corticostriatal connectivity after traumatic brain injury.
Brain
October 2024
Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
Traumatic brain injury commonly impairs attention and executive function, and disrupts the large-scale brain networks that support these cognitive functions. Abnormalities of functional connectivity are seen in corticostriatal networks, which are associated with executive dysfunction and damage to neuromodulatory catecholaminergic systems caused by head injury. Methylphenidate, a stimulant medication that increases extracellular dopamine and noradrenaline, can improve cognitive function following TBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDopaminergic neurodegeneration in Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (P102L) disease: insights from imaging and pathological examination.
Front Neurol
September 2024
Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) disease is an inherited prion disease characterized by dementia, cerebellar ataxia, and painful sensory disturbances. GSS is pathologically defined by the presence of amyloid plaques comprised of prion protein predominantly localized in the cerebral cortex, cerebellar cortex, and basal ganglia, resulting from mutations in the prion protein gene. This study investigated five cases of GSS P102L [GSS caused by a leucine (L) substitution of proline (P) at position 102 of the prion protein gene] with L-dopa-resistant extrapyramidal symptoms and reduced dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) uptake.
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