Background: The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a key protein in the eukaryotic DNA replication and cell proliferation. Following the cloning and characterisation of the human PCNA gene, the question of the existence of pseudogenes in the human genome was raised.
Findings: In this short communication we summarise the existing information about the PCNA pseudogenes and critically assess their status.
Conclusions: We propose the existence of at least four valid PCNA pseudogenes, PCNAP1, PCNAP2, LOC392454 and LOC390102. We would like to recommend assignment of a name for LOC392454 as "proliferating cell nuclear antigen pseudogene 3" (alias PCNAP3) and a name for LOC390102 as "proliferating cell nuclear antigen pseudogene 4" (alias PCNAP4). We prompt for more critical evaluation of the existence of a PCNA pseudogene, designated as PCNAP.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-87 | DOI Listing |
Reprod Fertil Dev
January 2024
Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Context: The human TSPY1 (testis-specific protein, Y-linked 1) gene is critical for spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, there have been difficulties with studying the mechanism underlying its function, partly due to the presence of the Tspy1 pseudogene in mice.
Aims: TSPYL5 (TSPY-like 5), an autosomal homologous gene of TSPY1 showing a similar expression pattern in both human and mouse testes, is also speculated to play a role in male spermatogenesis.
J Immunol Res
March 2022
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, China.
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in many cancer progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression level and clinical significance of the lncRNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen pseudogene 1 (PCNAP1), in cancer tissue and the plasma of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of PCNAP1 in HCC tissue, adjacent tissue, and plasma.
Oncol Rep
October 2020
Department of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China.
The high metastatic rate of breast cancer is the significant cause of its poor prognosis. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) proliferating cell nuclear antigen pseudogene 1 (PCNAP1) plays important roles in the initiation and progression of cancers; however, its regulatory function and molecular mechanism in breast cancer metastasis remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated the roles of lncRNA PCNAP1 in breast cancer metastasis by modulating the microRNA (miR)‑340‑5p/SOX4 axis using quantitative real‑time PCR, in vivo mouse models, nucleo‑cytoplasmic separation, western blot analysis, scratch assays, Transwell assays, luciferase reporter assays and MS2‑RIP, in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheranostics
August 2020
Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for liver cancer, in which HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) plays crucial roles. However, the effect of pseudogene-derived long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) acting as functional regulators of their ancestral gene expression on HBV replication and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, we speculated that the pseudogene-derived lncRNA PCNAP1 and its ancestor PCNA might modulate HBV replication and promote hepatocarcinogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutat Res
May 2016
Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China; Department of Surgery, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston 510660, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Little attention has been paid to the histone H2A/K pseudogene. Results from our laboratory showed that 7 of 10 kidney cancer patients carried a mutant H2A/K pseudogene; therefore, we were interested in determining the relationship between mutant H2A/K and cell proliferation. We used shotgun and label-free proteomics methods to study whether mutant H2A/K lncRNAs affected cell proliferation.
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