This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Calvital(®), which is a calcium hydroxide formulation, on persistent apical periodontitis caused by over-enlargement of the apical foramen. The study included patients referred to the Department of General Dentistry at Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital on a diagnosis of persistent apical periodontitis at an external dental clinic. Of them, 20 showing considerable enlargement of the apical foramina were included in the study. Complete disappearance of symptoms was observed in all patients after intracanal application of Calvital(®). We believe that this was due to effective wound-healing brought about the strong alkaline nature of this formulation. We regard Calvital(®) as a highly effective agent for root canal treatment of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis.
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