Rationale: Positive alcohol outcome expectancies and behavioral economic indices of alcohol consumption are related to binge drinking among college students and may reflect explicit and implicit motivations that are differentially associated with this behavior.
Objectives: The present study hypothesized that implicit (alcohol purchase task) and explicit (positive expectancy for alcohol's effects) motivations for drinking would not be correlated. It was also hypothesized that greater implicit and explicit motivations would predict alcohol-related risk.
Methods: Participants were 297 college student binge drinkers (54% female; 88% European-American; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: M = 9.53, SD = 5.04). Three indices from the alcohol purchase task (APT) were modeled as a latent implicit alcohol-related motivations variable. Explicit alcohol-related motivations were measured using a global positive expectancy subscale from the Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol Questionnaire. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test total, Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index total, and age of drinking onset were modeled as a latent alcohol-related risk variable. Structural equation modeling was used to examine associations amongst implicit motivations, explicit motivations, and alcohol-related risk.
Results: Implicit and explicit motivations were not correlated. Partially consistent with the second hypothesis, greater implicit motivations were associated with greater alcohol-related risk. Relations between explicit motivations and alcohol-related risk were marginally significant.
Conclusions: Implicit and explicit drinking motivations are differentially associated with problem drinking behaviors. Future research should examine the underlying neurobiological mechanisms associated with these factors.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-011-2613-9 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Implicit and Explicit Race and Weight Biases Among Physician Assistant Preceptors and Trainees.
J Physician Assist Educ
January 2025
Janice Sabin, PhD, MSW, is a research professor of Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine at University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Introduction: As new equity, diversity, and inclusion programs emerge in physician assistant/associate (PA) education, there is a need to assess baseline levels of implicit and explicit biases among PA preceptors' and trainees. The objectives of this study were (1) to measure implicit and explicit race (Black/White) and weight (fat/thin) biases among PA preceptors and trainees and (2) to identify potential gaps in PA preceptor and trainee education.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of PA preceptors and trainees from one program operating in several US states; implicit and explicit race and antifat biases and receipt of prior education were measured.
An Implicit Solvation Model for Binding Free Energy Estimation in Nonaqueous Solution.
J Phys Chem B
January 2025
Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Implicit solvation models permit the approximate description of solute-solvent interactions, where water is the most often considered solvent due to its relevance in biological systems. The use of other solvents is less common but is relevant for applications such as in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or chromatography. As an example, chloroform is commonly used in anisotropic NMR to measure residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) of chiral analytes weakly aligned by an alignment medium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWho drives weight stigma? A multinational exploration of clustering characteristics behind weight bias against preconception, pregnant, and postpartum women.
Int J Obes (Lond)
January 2025
Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Background: Weight bias is a global health challenge and community members are endorsed as the most common source of weight bias. The nature of weight biases specifically against preconception, pregnant, and postpartum (PPP) women from the perspective of community members is not known, especially in terms of cross-cultural trends. We investigated the magnitude of explicit and implicit weight bias and profiles of characteristics associated with harbouring weight bias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of implicit and explicit motor learning on a targeting task in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Acta Psychol (Amst)
January 2025
Department of Sport Science, School of Humanities, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.
This study aims to investigate the effect of different implicit and explicit instructions on learning a fundamental motor skill (throwing task) in autistic children with a high propensity for reinvestment. A total of 48 male volunteer students with special educational needs aged between 7 and 9 years old were conveniently selected to practice a novel throwing motor task (slingerball). The study includes a 1-week the acquisition phase with five phases of measurements involving four groups: a) analogy, b) explicit instruction, c) errorless, and d) errorful paradigms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRational choices elicit stronger sense of agency in brain and behavior.
Cognition
January 2025
Chair of Philosophy of Mind, Faculty of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science and Religious Studies Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Munich Center for Neuroscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, UK; Cognition, Values, Behaviour Lab, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany. Electronic address:
The sense of agency is the subjective feeling of control over one's own actions and the associated outcomes. Here, we asked whether and to what extent the reasons behind our choices (operationalized by value differences, expected utility, and counterfactual option sets) drive our sense of agency. We simultaneously tested these three dimensions during a novel value-based decision-making task while recording explicit (self-reported) and implicit (brain signals) measures of agency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!