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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_18 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14 - 20, 18439, Stralsund, Germany.
Many animals alternate between different media, such as air and water, thanks to specific adaptations. Among birds, penguins (Sphenisciformes) have the most extreme morphological, physiological, and behavioural adaptations to their amphibious lifestyle. Their auditory perception of sound, potentially matching different impedances in air and under water, is largely unknown particularly in terms of whether their underwater adaptations may have affected their in-air hearing capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Dev Biol
October 2024
Department of Surgical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Background: Crocodiles are semi-aquatic animals well adapted to hear both on land and under water. Currently, there is limited information on how their amphibious hearing is accomplished. Here, we describe, for the first time, the ear anatomy in the living crocodile using photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) and 3D rendering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnat Rec (Hoboken)
January 2024
Department of Anatomy, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, Missouri, USA.
The different velocities of sound (pressure waves) in air and water make auditory source localization a challenge for amphibious animals. The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) has an extracolumellar cartilage that abuts the deep surface of the tympanic membrane, and then expands in size beyond the caudal margin of the tympanum. This extracolumellar expansion is the insertion site for two antagonistic skeletal muscles, the tensor tympani, and the depressor tympani.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2022
Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Birds exhibit wide variation in their use of aquatic environments, on a spectrum from entirely terrestrial, through amphibious, to highly aquatic. Although there are limited empirical data on hearing sensitivity of birds underwater, mounting evidence indicates that diving birds detect and respond to sound underwater, suggesting that some modifications of the ear may assist foraging or other behaviors below the surface. In air, the tympanic middle ear acts as an impedance matcher that increases sound pressure and decreases sound vibration velocity between the outside air and the inner ear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol
July 2021
Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA.
The auditory biology of Monachinae seals is poorly understood. Limited audiometric data and certain anatomical features suggest that these seals may have reduced sensitivity to airborne sounds compared to related species. Here, we describe the in-air hearing abilities of a Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) trained to participate in a psychophysical paradigm.
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