The role of oral bacterial infections including periodontal disease in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has gained increasing interest. Among the major periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis has been mostly associated with RA pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of P. gingivalis total lipid (TL) fraction and dihydroceramides, as potent virulence factors, on human primary chondrocytes. Primary chondrocyte cultures were incubated with P. gingivalis phosphoglycerol dihydroceramide (PG DHC) lipids, the TL fraction or phosphoethanolamine dihydroceramide. Cell morphology changes were determined by phase contrast light microscopy. Early and late apoptosis cell analysis was performed by Annexin-V, active caspases, and 7-Aminoactinomycin D staining, and examined by flow cytometry, and cell necrosis was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase release. Procaspase-3 activation was determined by Western blot analysis. Microscopic analysis showed altered cell morphology and cell shrinkage following incubation with P. gingivalis TLs and PG DHC lipids. Flow cytometry demonstrated an increase of Annexin-V positive and active caspases positive chondrocytes after incubation with TL and PG DHC fractions but not after phosphoethanolamine dihydroceramide (control lipid) treatment or in untreated control cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed an early cleavage of procaspase-3 after 1 hr. Significant lactate dehydrogenase release following incubation with P. gingivalis lipids was demonstrated. The present data demonstrate that P. gingivalis lipids promote apoptosis in primary human chondrocytes, and thereby may contribute to the joint damage seen in the pathogenesis of RA.
Brennnesselwurzel (Urtica dioica L.) is recognized for its diverse pharmacological properties. With a range of chemical constituents, such as vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, fibers, and amino acids, Brennnesselwurzel (BWE) has a long history of traditional medicinal use in Europe and Asia.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are small membrane enclosed sacs released from bacteria which serve as carriers of biomolecules that shape interactions with the surrounding environment. The periodontal pathogen, , is a prolific OMV producer. Here, we investigated how the structure of lipid A, a core outer membrane molecule, influences OMV production, OMV-dependent TLR4 activation, and biofilm formation.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin-carbon dot conjugates (CUR-CD) on periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish periodontitis mode in vivo and in vitro. Histological analysis was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.
Aim: To investigate the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis and miR-155-5p-enriched exosomes in the formation of foam cells and the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS).
Methods: The CAS tissue samples and plasma from the healthy control group or patients undergoing periodontitis without CAS and with CAS were collected at the Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. The expression level of miR-155-5p was evaluated by immunofluorescent analysis and qRT-PCR.
Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Macrophages are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis and defending against pathogens in periodontal tissues. However, these tissues are often vulnerable to damage due to local inflammatory responses within the host tissues. This study aimed to investigate the role of G protein-coupled receptor 91(GPR91) during the inflammatory response to () in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).
