Mid-infrared laser ablation of water-rich targets at the maximum of the 2.94 μm absorption band is a two-step process initiated by phase explosion followed by recoil pressure induced material ejection. Particulates and/or droplets ejected by this high temperature high pressure process can be ionized for mass spectrometry by charged droplets from an electrospray. In order to gauge the internal energy introduced in this laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI®) process, we apply the survival yield method and compare the results with electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI). The results indicate that LAESI yields ions with internal energies indistinguishable from those produced by ESI. This finding is consistent with the recoil pressure induced ejection of low micrometre droplets that does not significantly change the internal energy of solute molecules.
Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, reflecting the rising incidence of chronic diseases. With the continuous growth of the global geriatric population, a significant portion of individuals with CKD consists of those aged over 65. Regardless of the chosen treatment method, protein-energy loss in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT) has been associated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates.
We present a study combining experimental measurements, theoretical analysis, and simulations to investigate core-shell microcapsules interacting with a solid boundary, with a particular focus on understanding the short-range potential energy well arising from the tethered force. The microcapsules, fabricated using a Pickering emulsion template with a cinnamon oil core and calcium alginate shell, were characterized for size (∼5-6μm in diameter) and surface charge (∼-20mV). We employed total internal reflection microscopy and particle tracking to measure the microcapsule-boundary interactions and diffusion, from which potential energy and diffusivity profiles were derived.
Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, CHINA.
Construction of metal-organic cages (MOCs) with internal modifications is a promising avenue to build enzyme-like cavities and unlocking the mystery of highly catalytic activity and selectivity of enzymes. However, current interests are mainly focused on single-metal-node cages, little achievement has been expended to metalloclusters-based architectures, and the in situ endogenous generation of metal clusters. Herein, based on the hard-soft-acids-bases (HSAB), the metalloclusters-based heterometallic MOC (Cu3VMOP) constructed of [Cu3OPz3]+ and [V6O6(OCH3)9(SO4)(CO2)3]2- clusters was obtained by one-pot method.
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) show structural changes stimulated by changes in external conditions. This study aims to reveal the temperature dependence of the structure and dynamics of the intrinsically disordered region of Hef, one of the typical IDPs, using an integrative approach. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and circular dichroism (CD) studies revealed that the radius of gyration and ellipticity at 222 nm remained constant up to 313-323 K, followed by a decline above this temperature range.
We investigated the role of a nanoporous particle on the formation of macroscopic solid in the framework of equilibrium thermodynamics and from the free-energy perspective. The model particle has cylindrical pores with equidistant circular openings on the particle surface. We focused on two potentially limiting steps: (i) the solid nucleation from liquid inside a single pore and (ii) the bridging of multiple pores on the particle surface.
