Reconstruction of nonunion tibial fractures in war-wounded Iraqi civilians, 2006-2008: better late than never.

Objective: To describe medical care and surgical outcome after functional reconstructive surgery in late-presenting patients who already had at least one prior operation.

Design: Retrospective review of medical care and surgical outcome from August 2006 to December 2008 using patient records for initial data with active follow-up for the latest outcome information.

Setting: Médecins sans Frontières surgical programme in Jordan Red Crescent Hospital, Amman, Jordan.

Patients: Sixty-two civilians with nonunion tibial fractures caused by war-related trauma in Iraq; 53 completed follow-up.

Intervention: Amputation and/or reconstruction.

Main Outcome Measurements: Late surgical complications (after the patient's return to Iraq) were analyzed for infection recurrence, bone union, and functional condition (defined using the Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment score).

Results: Almost three fourths of patients arrived with infected injuries, 9 of whom had amputation as the initial surgery; the rest, and all uninfected patients, had reconstruction. Excluding loss to follow-up, only 4 of 53 (8%) patients who arrived with an infected injury had infection recurrence. Excluding loss to follow-up and amputation, 2 of 14 (14%) patients in the uninfected and 5 of 30 (17%) in the infected injury group did not achieve successful tibial union. Mean Dysfunctional and Bothersome Indices overall were 27.1 and 29.8, respectively, with similar results for all 3 groups (amputations, uninfected, and infected injuries).

Conclusions: Our study shows that patients with infected and uninfected injuries surgically treated in Amman achieved similar outcomes. Despite late presentation, our patients had a comparable outcome to other studies dealing with early reconstruction. Reconstruction for the infected group required longer treatment time.

Level Of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.