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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Associated With a Pontine Lacunar Infarct in a Severely Hypertensive Patient: A Case Report.
Cureus
November 2024
Internal Medicine, Wellington Regional Medical Center, Wellington, USA.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurologic condition defined by symptoms and imaging findings secondary to vasogenic edema in the brain. Even though not all hypertensive individuals will progress to PRES, high blood pressure is the most frequent risk factor associated with the condition. The pathophysiology of PRES is not clearly understood, but the most accepted proposed mechanism focuses on the brain's inability to regulate cerebral blood flow through constriction or dilation of vessels during extreme blood pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDorsolateral pontine lesions produce distinct ocular motor abnormalities with anatomical correlations.
Eur J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, South Korea.
Background And Purpose: The dorsolateral portion of the caudal pons contains the vestibular nucleus (VN) and inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) that play important roles in conveying and processing vestibular and ocular motor signals. This study aimed to characterize ocular motor abnormalities along with their anatomical correlations in dorsolateral pons (DLP) lesions.
Methods: We analyzed clinical features, and results of neuro-otological evaluations and neuroimaging of 18 patients with unilateral DLP lesions (17 with DLP infarction and 1 with cavernous malformation) from among 506 patients with pontine infarction in a stroke registry.
Assessment of corticospinal tract damage and cytokines response in early and late stages of acute unilateral brainstem infarction patients.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: Acute brainstem infarction is associated with high morbidity and mortality, the integrity of corticospinal tract (CST) detected via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can assist in predicting the motor recovery of the patients. In addition to the damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion, sterile inflammation also contributes to the brain injury after stroke. However, the changes in CST integrity detected by DTI in acute brainstem infarction have yet to be fully elucidated, and it is still unclear whether sterile inflammation can cause damage to the CST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfarctive encephalopathy in zoo-housed gibbons in North America.
Vet Pathol
December 2024
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Progressive neurologic signs without a known underlying etiology have been observed in managed gibbon populations housed at institutions in North America. In 2018, the Gibbon Species Survival Plan initiated a veterinary survey to evaluate clinical histories among gibbons displaying neurologic signs. The clinical results of this survey as well as the results of a centralized histologic review of brain samples from 5 species of managed gibbons displaying neurologic signs are outlined here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterogeneous Brain Dynamics Between Acute Cerebellar and Brainstem Infarction.
Cerebellum
December 2024
Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
To evaluate the alterations in brain dynamics in patients suffering from brainstem or cerebellar infarctions and their potential associations with cognitive function. In this study, 37 patients were recruited who had acute cerebellar infarction (CI), 32 patients who had acute brainstem infarction (BsI), and 40 healthy controls (HC). Every participant had their resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) data captured, and the EEG microstates were analyzed.
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