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Evaluation of pediatric spinal ependymomas: A 25-year retrospective observational study.
Medicine (Baltimore)
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
This study aims to evaluate the clinical and radiological features, histopathological characteristics, treatment modalities, and their effectiveness, as well as long-term follow-up results of pediatric spinal ependymomas treated at a single institution. In this retrospective study, medical records of 14 pediatric patients (3 females and 11 males) who were surgically treated for spinal ependymoma in our institution between 1995 and 2020 were reviewed. Data regarding age, gender, presenting symptoms and signs, radiological findings, postoperative status, extent of resection, histopathological grading, recurrence, tumor growth, seeding, and adjuvant treatment were collected and analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistone serotonylation regulates ependymoma tumorigenesis.
Nature
August 2024
Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Bidirectional communication between tumours and neurons has emerged as a key facet of the tumour microenvironment that drives malignancy. Another hallmark feature of cancer is epigenomic dysregulation, in which alterations in gene expression influence cell states and interactions with the tumour microenvironment. Ependymoma (EPN) is a paediatric brain tumour that relies on epigenomic remodelling to engender malignancy; however, how these epigenetic mechanisms intersect with extrinsic neuronal signalling during EPN tumour progression is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting response to chemotherapy in brain tumor patients based on MRI features.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg
September 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Section of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address:
Chemotherapy in brain tumors is tailored based on tumor type, grade, and molecular markers, which are crucial for predicting responses and survival outcomes. This review summarizes the role of chemotherapy in gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumors, ependymomas, choroid plexus tumors, medulloblastomas, and meningiomas, discussing standard treatment protocols and recent developments in targeted therapies.Furthermore, the studies reporting the integration of MRI-based radiomics and deep learning models for predicting treatment outcomes are reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult cerebral high-grade glioneuronal tumor with perivascular or pseudopapillary growth co-existing with low-grade tumor: a case report.
Int J Clin Exp Pathol
October 2023
Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University Hirakata, Japan.
An unusual, small cell-predominant, high-grade glioneuronal tumor in the occipital lobe of a 49-year-old man that co-existed with a low-grade tumor is reported. The tumor consisted of two distinct components: the major component was a dense proliferation of primitive small cells showing bidirectional neuronal and glial differentiation; and the minor component consisted of a proliferation of well-differentiated astrocytes intermingled with mature neuronal cells. In the former component, perivascular pseudorosette-like or pseudopapillary growth reminiscent of ependymoma or papillary glioneuronal tumor (PGNT), respectively, was prominent, and hypertrophic astrocytic cells were located just outside the central blood vessels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Tumors in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Review.
Semin Neurol
December 2023
Canadian AYA Neuro-Oncology Network (CANON), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Brain tumors account for the majority of cancer-related deaths in adolescents and young adults (AYAs), defined as individuals aged 15 to 39. AYAs constitute a distinct population in which both pediatric- and adult-type central nervous system (CNS) tumors can be observed. Clinical manifestations vary depending on tumor location and often include headaches, seizures, focal neurological deficits, and signs of increased intracranial pressure.
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