AI Article Synopsis
- The study examines hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Arctic populations, particularly Greenlanders living in Denmark and Greenland, to understand its relation to migration and co-infection with hepatitis D and C.
- Researchers conducted a population-based investigation, testing for various HBV markers and liver function indicators in two groups of Greenlanders, revealing that more than half had been exposed to HBV, with low rates of active infection.
- Results indicated similar HBV prevalence in both populations, with notable associations between HBV infection and parental birthplace as well as intravenous drug use, and highlighted the potential risks of co-infection with delta virus, which is linked to liver health issues.
Article Abstract
Objective: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic among Arctic populations where it may have a benign course. However, the relation of HBV to migration to low endemic areas is unknown, as it is for hepatitis D and C, and details on the influence of delta virus at a population level are lacking.
Material And Methods: Population-based investigation of Greenlanders living in Denmark (n = 136) and in Greenland (n = 441). We tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, anti-HBe, HBV-DNA, HBV genotypes, anti-HDV, HDV-RNA, anti-HCV, HCV-Elisa test, HCV-RNA, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, bilirubin, and albumin, and performed a physical examination.
Results: Participation rate was 52/95% in Denmark/Greenland. Half of participants in Denmark had lived more than half of their lives in Denmark, and 54.5% had been exposed to HBV. This was similar to 53% among Greenlanders living in West Greenland (p = 0.76). HBsAg was positive in 4.4% of Greenlanders in Denmark (n = 6), who all were anti-HBe positive and had low viral load. Serological signs of HBV infection associated with having both parents born in Greenland (p = 0.007) and with IV drug use (p = 0.03). We found serological signs of HDV exposure among participants in Denmark/Greenland in 0.7/1.1% (n = 1/5) and HCV exposure in 1.5/0.0% (n = 2/0). Liver biochemistry was elevated in Greenlanders exposed to HDV.
Conclusions: Hepatitis B, D, and C occurrences among Greenlanders in Denmark mirrored that of Greenland. Importantly, previously undetected exposure to delta virus associated with elevated liver biochemistry, and the introduction of delta virus is a liability to Greenlanders and to Greenland.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365521.2011.634026 | DOI Listing |
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