Sequence specific resonance assignments have been obtained for (1)H, (13)C and (15)N nuclei of the 21 kDa (188 residues long) glutamine amido transferase subunit of guanosine monophosphate synthetase from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii. From an analysis of (1)H and (13)C(α), (13)C(β) secondary chemical shifts, (3) JH(N)H(α) scalar coupling constants and sequential, short and medium range (1)H-(1)H NOEs, it was deduced that the glutamine amido transferase subunit has eleven strands and five helices as the major secondary structural elements in its tertiary structure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12104-011-9354-x | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97082, Germany.
Plants tightly control growth of their lateral organs, which led to the concept of apical dominance. However, outgrowth of the dormant lateral primordia is sensitive to the plant's nutritional status, resulting in an immense plasticity in plant architecture. While the impact of hormonal regulation on apical dominance is well characterized, the prime importance of sugar signaling to unleash lateral organ formation has just recently emerged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol
May 2024
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong 271018, China.
The hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae infects a range of plant species and causes enormous economic losses. Auxin and WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in plant responses to P. syringae, but their functional relationship in plant immunity remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Physiol
December 2023
Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Glutamine (Gln) is the first amino acid synthesized in nitrogen (N) assimilation in plants. Gln synthetase (GS), converting glutamate (Glu) and NH4+ into Gln at the expense of ATP, is one of the oldest enzymes in all life domains. Plants have multiple GS isoenzymes that work individually or cooperatively to ensure that the Gln supply is sufficient for plant growth and development under various conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Microbiol Biotechnol
August 2022
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de Entre Ríos (ICTAER), Monseñor Tavella 1450 (E3202 BCJ), Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina.
L-Glutaminases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the gamma-amido bond of L-glutamine residues, producing ammonia and L-glutamate. These enzymes have several applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the L-glutaminases that hydrolyze free L-glutamine (L-glutamine glutaminases, EC 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
February 2022
Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.
We examined the ability of two human cytosolic transaminases, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT1) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT), to transform their preferred substrates whilst discriminating against similar metabolites. This offers an opportunity to survey our current understanding of enzyme selectivity and specificity in a biological context. Substrate selectivity can be quantitated based on the ratio of the / values for two alternative substrates (the 'discrimination index').
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