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Alterations in gut-derived uremic toxins before the onset of azotemic chronic kidney disease in cats.
J Vet Intern Med
December 2024
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Animals, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Background: Although gut-derived uremic toxins are increased in azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats and implicated in disease progression, it remains unclear if augmented formation or retention of these toxins is associated with the development of renal azotemia.
Objectives: Assess the association between gut-derived toxins (ie, indoxyl-sulfate, p-cresyl-sulfate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide [TMAO]) and the onset of azotemic CKD in cats.
Animals: Forty-eight client-owned cats.
Reduction in Renal Heme Oxygenase-1 Is Associated with an Aggravation of Kidney Injury in Shiga Toxin-Induced Murine Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome.
Toxins (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a systemic complication of an infection with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic , primarily leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Although free heme has been found to aggravate renal damage in hemolytic diseases, the relevance of the heme-degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, encoded by ) in HUS has not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that HO-1 also important in acute phase responses in damage and inflammation, contributes to renal pathogenesis in HUS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuture of Uremic Toxin Management.
Toxins (Basel)
October 2024
Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- The article discusses the role of uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and highlights the lack of progress in reducing their effects, despite growing knowledge.
- It reviews research on alternative strategies to combat uremic toxicity applicable to early CKD stages, covering dietary modifications, pharmacologic interventions, and potential extracorporeal removal methods.
- The future direction aims to develop sustainable and effective treatments for CKD beyond traditional dialysis methods.
Structure-based discovery of a new type of scaffold compound as binding competitors for protein-bound Uremic Toxins.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Institute of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, P.R., China.
Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are the main cause of uremia, but traditional hemodialysis is ineffective in removing them because of their strong ability to bind to human serum albumin (HSA), highlighting the need for new treatments. In this study, first, structure-based docking was used to screen a diverse library of 200,376 virtual compounds against the active sites I and II. After two rounds of docking screening, 3944 candidate molecules were obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease in a long-term murine model of Shiga toxin-induced hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
Front Immunol
October 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on understanding the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), where up to 40% experience long-term health issues.
- - Researchers created a long-term mouse model using Shiga toxin (Stx) to observe disease progression and identify key time points for AKI transitioning into CKD symptoms.
- - Results showed a shift from acute symptoms to chronic changes, including increased interstitial fibrosis and a predominance of pro-fibrotic macrophages, which could help in developing treatments to prevent CKD in affected patients.
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